Using objects of obsession as token reinforcers for children with autism
Using objects of obsession as token reinforcers for children with autism
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1026061220171
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发表时间：
1998-06-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Haymes, LK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Charlop-Christy, MH;Haymes, LK
我们评估了使用迷恋对象作为代币强化物来提高自闭症儿童任务表现的有效性。将迷恋对象作为代币（例如字母“A”、火车图片）的使用情况与典型代币（例如星星、笑脸）的使用情况进行了比较。采用了跨儿童的多基线设计，并在儿童内部进行了反转。收集了关于任务反应正确率以及工作时段中不当行为发生情况的数据。结果表明，当使用迷恋对象作为代币时，任务表现的正确率高于使用典型代币时。同时也注意到工作时段中不当行为相应减少。从初级强化与次级强化以及强化刺激的显著性和新颖性的影响方面对结果进行了讨论。
We assessed the effectiveness of using objects of obsession as token reinforcers to increase task performance for children with autism. The use of obsessions as tokens (e.g., letter "A", a picture of a train) was compared with the use of typical tokens (e.g., stars, happy faces). A multiple baseline design across children with a reversal within child was used. Data were collected on percentage correct of task responses and on the occurrence of inappropriate behaviors during work sessions. Results indicated that percentage correct on task performance was higher when objects of obsession were used as tokens as opposed to when typical tokens were used. Concomitant decreases in inappropriate behaviors during work sessions were also noted. Results are discussed in terms of primary versus secondary reinforcement and the effects of saliency and novelty of the reinforcing stimuli.