A Contribution to the Ecology of Egregia laevigata Setchell I. Taxonomic Status and morphology
A Contribution to the Ecology of Egregia laevigata Setchell I. Taxonomic Status and morphology
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对 Egregia laevigata Setchell 生态学的贡献 I. 分类地位和形态
DOI：
10.1515/botm.1961.3.2.33
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发表时间：
1961
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
V. J. Chapman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. J. Chapman
多年来，人们一直在研究海藻的生态学。虽然现在有相当多的关于世界不同地区的主要带划界藻类的信息，但实际上对决定这些藻类的上限和下限的因果因素一无所知。的确，已经对海带属（Montfort，1934年，Parke，1948年）、FUCHS（Knight和Parke，1950年）和最近在新西兰的班氏Hormosira banksii（Bergquist，1957年，1959年）以及目前的大囊藻属（Clendenning，1957年，1958年; North，1957年，1958年）的物种进行了一些研究。有机会花一些时间在斯克里普斯研究所导致的想法，这将是有利可图的开始研究的生态学和生理学的Egregia laevigata，以确定，如果可能的话，主要的因果因素（查普曼，1942年）控制其限制。该物种被选中是因为它在孔塞普西翁角以南的加州州的地理范围有限，而且现有的文献记录它是一个生活在亚沿海地区的沿海最低层的物种。因此，人们希望它作为海带目的一个成员，能与同样分布在澳大利亚和新西兰的下沿岸的的Hormosira banksii（墨角藻目的一个成员）形成很好的对比。分类地位Egregia laevigata最初是由Sethoul（1912 a）**）从蒙特里县的卡梅尔采集的植物中简要描述的，但在描述中强调了长而成熟的柄上的高度解剖的附属物的性质，这使它们看起来像“羽毛蟒”，尽管这种解剖的附属物很少在卡梅尔植物中发现。后来，塞特鲁（1925年）将卡梅尔的植物命名为北方亚种，因为这些植物生长在孔塞普西翁的南部。史密斯（1936年）认为，根据国际命名规则，这是不合理的，他认为卡梅尔植物是物种。在这里可以注意到，哈维在《Nereis Boreali-Americana》（1852年）中画出了一种似乎是复合植物的东西，即金雀花（Egregia laevigata）的北方亚种的囊泡和典型金雀花的其他附属物。men^iesii，该植物被描述为Pbyllospora men^iesii。在1957年席尔瓦讨论了所有这些问题，并指出，
For many years work has been carried out on the ecology of marine algae. Whilst there is now a considerable body of Information about the principal belt-demarcating algae in different parts of the world, practically nothing is known of the causal factors that determine the upper and lower limits of these algae. It is true that some work has been carried out on species of Laminaria (Montfort , 1934, Parke, 1948), FUCHS (Knight and Parke, 1950) and, more recently, Hormosira banksii in New Zealand (Bergquist , 1957, 1959) and currently on Macrocystis (Clendenning, 1957, 1958; North, 1957, 1958). An opportunity to spend some time at the Scripps Institution led to the idea that it would be profitable to commence a study of the ecology and physiology of Egregia laevigata with a view to determining, if possible, the principal causal factors (Chapman, 1942) controlling its limits. The species was selected because it was known to have a limited geographic ränge in California south of Point Concepcion, and also the available literature recorded it äs a species that occupied the lowest levels of the littoral äs well äs living within the sub-littoral. It was hoped, therefore, that it would, äs a member of the Laminariales, provide an excellent contrast with Hormosira banksii (a member of the Fucales) which also occupies the lower littoral in Australia and New Zealand. Taxonomic Status Egregia laevigata was originally briefly described by Setchell (1912a)**) from plants collected at Carmel in Monterey County, but in the description emphasis was placed upon thehighly dissected nature of the appendages on the long,mature stipes which gives them the "feather boa" appearance, though such dissected appendages are rarely found on the Carmel plants. Later Setchell (1925) gave the name subspecies borealis to the Carmel plants, regarding those growing south of Point Concepcion äs representing the species. Smith (1936) considered that this was ülegitimate according to the International rules of nomenclature and he regarded the Carmel plants äs the species. It may be noted here that Harvey in the Nereis Boreali-Americana (1852) drew what appears to be a composite plant, namely vesicles of subspecies borealis of Egregia laevigata, and the other appendages of the typical E. men^iesii, the plant being described äs Pbyllospora men^iesii. In 1957 Silva discussed all these problems and pointed out that äs no type specimen