Nutritional Evaluation of an EPA-DHA Oil from Transgenic Camelina sativa in Feeds for Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.).
Nutritional Evaluation of an EPA-DHA Oil from Transgenic Camelina sativa in Feeds for Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0159934
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tocher DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Betancor MB;Sprague M;Sayanova O;Usher S;Metochis C;Campbell PJ;Napier JA;Tocher DR
植物油 (VO) 可以替代水产饲料中的鱼油，但由于缺乏 omega-3 (n-3) 长链多不饱和脂肪酸 (LC-PUFA)，其使用受到限制。然而，油料作物可以经过改造以生产 n-3 LC-PUFA，例如二十碳五烯酸 (EPA) 和二十二碳六烯酸 (DHA)，这是填补这些重要营养素供需缺口的潜在选择。亚麻荠经过代谢工程改造，生产出总 n-3 LC-PUFA 含量约为 15% 的种子油，有可能替代鲑鱼饲料中的鱼油。将幼龄后的大西洋鲑鱼 (Salmo salar) 饲喂 11 周，使用三种实验日粮中的一种，其中包含鱼油 (FO)、野生型亚麻荠油 (WCO) 或转基因亚麻荠油 (DCO) 作为添加脂质源，以评估鱼的性能、营养物质消化率、组织 n-3 LC-PUFA 以及通过肝脏转录组分析确定的代谢影响。 DCO 饮食不会影响所研究的任何性能或健康参数，并且与 WCO 饮食相比，EPA 和 DHA 的表观消化率有所提高。 DCO 喂养的鱼所有组织中总 n-3 LC-PUFA 的水平高于 WCO 喂养的鱼，肝脏中的水平与 FO 喂养的鱼相似。在喂食亚麻荠油饲料的鱼中观察到内源性 LC-PUFA 生物合成活性，如肝脏转录组和二十二碳五烯酸等中间代谢物水平所示，数据表明 EPA 和 DHA 的饲料组合抑制去饱和和伸长活性。尽管 n-3 LC-PUFA 含量存在差异，但在饲喂 DCO 和 WCO 的鱼中，参与磷脂和三酰甘油代谢的基因表达遵循相似的模式。
Vegetable oils (VO) are possible substitutes for fish oil in aquafeeds but their use is limited by their lack of omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). However, oilseed crops can be modified to produce n-3 LC-PUFA such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids, representing a potential option to fill the gap between supply and demand of these important nutrients. Camelina sativa was metabolically engineered to produce a seed oil with around 15% total n-3 LC-PUFA to potentially substitute for fish oil in salmon feeds. Post-smolt Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were fed for 11-weeks with one of three experimental diets containing either fish oil (FO), wild-type Camelina oil (WCO) or transgenic Camelina oil (DCO) as added lipid source to evaluate fish performance, nutrient digestibility, tissue n-3 LC-PUFA, and metabolic impact determined by liver transcriptome analysis. The DCO diet did not affect any of the performance or health parameters studied and enhanced apparent digestibility of EPA and DHA compared to the WCO diet. The level of total n-3 LC-PUFA was higher in all the tissues of DCO-fed fish than in WCO-fed fish with levels in liver similar to those in fish fed FO. Endogenous LC-PUFA biosynthetic activity was observed in fish fed both the Camelina oil diets as indicated by the liver transcriptome and levels of intermediate metabolites such as docosapentaenoic acid, with data suggesting that the dietary combination of EPA and DHA inhibited desaturation and elongation activities. Expression of genes involved in phospholipid and triacylglycerol metabolism followed a similar pattern in fish fed DCO and WCO despite the difference in n-3 LC-PUFA contents.