Modeling diffusion and reaction in soils : VI. Ion diffusion and water characteristics in organic manure-amended soil
Modeling diffusion and reaction in soils : VI. Ion diffusion and water characteristics in organic manure-amended soil
复制标题
模拟土壤中的扩散和反应：VI。
DOI：
10.1097/00010694-199706000-00002
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Henriksen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Olesen;P. Møldrup;K. Henriksen
了解施用粪肥导致的土壤物理性质的短期变化是估算经粪肥处理的土壤中水分和溶质运动的先决条件。测定了两种不同质地土壤施用牛粪液后的离子扩散率和水分输运特性。粗砂加17%牛粪后，氯离子的扩散率明显低于未施用牛粪的砂。在使用砂壤土的类似混合物中没有发现差异。提取的孔液中干物质含量较大，说明比表面积较低的粗砂只吸附了少量添加的粪肥干物质，说明离子扩散的扭曲度增大。在土壤水势为-1500 cm h2o的情况下，添加15-20%的粪肥可大大提高土壤的持水能力（0.10 cm 3cm -3），并使坎贝尔土壤持水参数b增加3到4倍。当直接向土壤缝隙中注入肥料时，肥料的干物质含量控制了水分的快速初始再分配。提出了一个相对土液吸附性（施粪肥时的吸附性S与渗水时的吸附性S之比）随粪肥干物质含量变化的模型。
Knowledge of short-term changes in soil physical properties attributable to manure application is a prerequisite for estimating water and solute movement in manure-amended soils. Ion diffusivity and water transport characteristics were measured after the application ofliquid cattle manure in two soils of different texture. Chloride diffusivity apparently decreased in a mixture of a coarse sand and 17% cattle manure compared with diffusivity in the sand without manure application. No difference was seen for a similar mixture using a sandy loam. A large dry matter content in the extracted pore liquid suggested that the coarse sand with low specific surface area only adsorbed small amounts of the added manure dry matter, explaining the increased tortuosity for ion diffusion. Addition of 15-20% manure gave a large increase in water holding capacity (0.10 cm 3 cm -3 at a soil-water potential of -1500 cm H 2 O) and an increase of the Campbell soil-water retention parameter, b, by a factor of3 to 4 for both soils. When manure was applied by direct injection into slits in the soil, the dry matter content of the manure controlled the rapid initial redistribution of water. A model for the relative soil-liquid sorptivity (ratio of sorptivity when applying manure, S, to sorptivity when infiltrating water, S 0 ) as a function of manure dry matter content is proposed.