Enormously long, siphonate mouthparts of a new, oldest known spongillafly (Neuroptera, Sisyridae) from Burmese amber imply nectarivory or hematophagy
Enormously long, siphonate mouthparts of a new, oldest known spongillafly (Neuroptera, Sisyridae) from Burmese amber imply nectarivory or hematophagy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cretres.2016.04.007
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Makarkin, Vladimir N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Makarkin, Vladimir N.
Paradoxosisyra groehni gen.等十一月（脉翅目：Sisyridae）被描述为产自上白垩纪（最低塞诺曼阶）的缅甸琥珀，是已知最古老的 Sisyrid。这个新属被归入新亚科Paradoxosisyrinae，其特征是极其长的虹吸口器、非常长而细长的后腿、头部和前背板上有几个硬茧；前翅有深分叉的 CuP 和 AM 静脉；完整的内梯度系列的交叉静脉，以及后翅有五个分支的 RP 静脉。大大加长、横向扁平的帽状腱膜和唇状花序，以及转变为长而尖的管心针的唇舌是该物种独有的特征，在其他昆虫中并不存在。这些虹吸口器可能主要用于吸食花蜜。然而，该物种仍然有可能是吸血的（可能是兼性的），以节肢动物的血淋巴或青蛙等薄皮脊椎动物的血液为食。 (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Paradoxosisyra groehni gen. et sp. nov. (Neuroptera: Sisyridae) is described from Upper Cretaceous (lowest Cenomanian) Burmese amber as the oldest known sisyrid. The new genus is assigned to the new subfamily Paradoxosisyrinae, which is characterized by enormously long siphonate mouthparts, very long and slender hind legs, several setiferous calluses on the head and pronotum; deeply forked CuP and AM veins in the forewing; a complete inner gradate series of crossveins, and the RP vein with five branches in the hind wing. The greatly lengthened, laterally flattened galea and lacinia, and the labial ligula transformed into a long acute stylet are characteristic of only this species and do not occur in other insects. These siphonate mouthparts were likely used primarily to feed on flower nectar. The possibility remains, however, that the species was hematophagous (possibly facultative), feeding on the hemolymph of arthropods or the blood of such thin-skinned vertebrates as frogs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.