Do hedgerows influence the natural biological control of woolly apple aphids in orchards?
Do hedgerows influence the natural biological control of woolly apple aphids in orchards?
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DOI：
10.1007/s10340-019-01153-1
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发表时间：
2019-08
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Ainara Peñalver-Cruz;Diego Alvarez;B. Lavandero
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ainara Peñalver-Cruz;Diego Alvarez;B. Lavandero
为天敌提供避难所可能是管理苹果园绵蚜（半翅目：蚜虫科）的一个关键方面。本研究评估了火棘（玫瑰科）在苹果园附近的影响，因为这种果园外栖息地对天敌的丰度和对e的控制有积极的影响。lanigerum。对寄生蜂麻蚜（Haldeman, 1851）（膜翅目：麻蚜科）（两个季节）和一般捕食者（仅在第二个季节）的丰度进行了评估。评估是在与mp的不同距离进行的。瓢虫位于苹果园的边缘。此外，寄生率由a。我们用一种分类方法和两种定量方法对它们进行了检验。结果表明，p。瓢虫树篱促进了瓢虫的早期殖民。在苹果园，尤其是在第一季。然而，寄生率由a。苹果树在季节开始时没有受到影响，但随着季节的进展，苹果树的发病率比树篱高。此外，在第二季，某些天敌之间的相互作用对赤眼蜂的种群增长率有更强的影响。兰香园。与对照果园比较。基于这些结果，我们得出结论：p。球菌树篱可能促进a。马林对果园中蜘蛛的丰度有积极的影响，但对瓢虫、瓢虫、土蜈蚣和蚜蝇没有影响。
The provision of refuges for natural enemies could be a key aspect for the management of the woolly apple aphid [Eriosoma lanigerum(Hausmann, 1802)] (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in apple orchards. The present study assesses the effects ofPyracantha coccinea(Rosaceae) (firethorn) adjacent to apple orchards as this extra-orchard habitat would positively affect the abundance of natural enemies and control ofE. lanigerum. Abundances were evaluated for the pest, the parasitoid,Aphelinus mali(Haldeman, 1851) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) (during two seasons) and generalist predators (only during the second season). The assessments were conducted at different distances fromP. coccinealocated at the edge of the apple orchards. Additionally, parasitism rates byA. maliwere examined using a categorical and two quantitative methods. Results indicate thatP. coccineahedges promoted an early colonization byA. maliin apple orchards especially during the first season. However, parasitism rates byA. maliwere not affected at the beginning of the season, but as the season progressed, the rates increased on the apple trees in comparison with the hedges. Additionally, during the second season, the interaction between certain natural enemies had a stronger effect on the population growth rates ofE. lanigerumin orchards withP. coccineacompared to control orchards. Based on these results, we conclude thatP. coccineahedges may promote the early colonization byA. maliin the orchards and have a positive effect on the abundance of spiders, but had no effect on coccinelid, carabids, earwigs and syrphids.