Increased Isolation Frequency of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 from Environmental Monitoring Sites in Haiti
Increased Isolation Frequency of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 from Environmental Monitoring Sites in Haiti
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0124098
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发表时间：
2015-04-08
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ali, Afsar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alam, Meer T.;Weppelmann, Thomas A.;Ali, Afsar
自2010年发现第一例霍乱病例以来，该病已在整个岛国海地蔓延；截至2014年，已报告约70万例霍乱病例，其中8,000多人死亡。虽然病例数量有所下降，但更根本的问题是，致病细菌霍乱弧菌是否已在海地地表水中建立了环境库，仍有待阐明。在2012年4月至2013年3月期间进行的一项先前研究中，我们报道了从西部地区地表水中分离出产毒霍乱弧菌O1。使用相同的方法进行第二年的监测（2013 年 4 月至 2014 年 3 月）后，我们观察到含有可培养霍乱弧菌 O1 的水样数量比前一年增加了五倍多（1.7% vs 8.6%），至少有一个阳性样本的地点数量增加了一倍（58% vs 20%）。季节性水温和降水量均与隔离频率显着相关。我们的数据表明，产毒霍乱弧菌 O1 在海地地表水中变得越来越常见；虽然这种增加的基础尚不确定，但我们的研究结果引起了人们对环境水库正在形成的担忧。
Since the identification of the first cholera case in 2010, the disease has spread in epidemic form throughout the island nation of Haiti; as of 2014, about 700,000 cholera cases have been reported, with over 8,000 deaths. While case numbers have declined, the more fundamental question of whether the causative bacterium, Vibrio cholerae has established an environmental reservoir in the surface waters of Haiti remains to be elucidated. In a previous study conducted between April 2012 and March 2013, we reported the isolation of toxigenic V. cholerae O1 from surface waters in the Ouest Department. After a second year of surveillance (April 2013 to March 2014) using identical methodology, we observed a more than five-fold increase in the number of water samples containing culturable V. cholerae O1 compared to the previous year (1.7% vs 8.6%), with double the number of sites having at least one positive sample (58% vs 20%). Both seasonal water temperatures and precipitation were significantly related to the frequency of isolation. Our data suggest that toxigenic V. cholerae O1 are becoming more common in surface waters in Haiti; while the basis for this increase is uncertain, our findings raise concerns that environmental reservoirs are being established.