The last few milliseconds in the life of a secretory granule

The last few milliseconds in the life of a secretory granule
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分泌颗粒生命的最后几毫秒

DOI:
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发表时间:
1998
期刊:
European Biophysics Journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
R. Chow
R. Chow
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Martin Oheim;D. Loerke;W. Stühmer;R. Chow

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用全内反射荧光显微镜(TIRFM)光学切片技术对牛肾上腺嗜铬细胞内单个囊泡(颗粒)进行了观察。对于TIR,荧光激发被限制在玻璃/水界面附近的光学片上。在位于细胞界面的细胞中,可以看到携带荧光染料的颗粒靠近或停靠在质膜上。在这里,我们给出了证据:(1)TIRFM可以分辨单个小泡;(2)荧光信号来自直径约350 nm的小泡,可能是大的致密核心小泡(LDCV)。(3)释放的囊泡内容物的扩散可以被解决,并可作为融合事件的一个方便的判据。(4)我们给出了静息细胞中的囊泡特性,如嗜铬颗粒的横向移动性、数密度以及自发融合或退出细胞质的频率。(5)在高细胞外钾刺激下,TIRFM报告在数百毫秒内耗尽最接近质膜的“可见囊泡池”,这与先前释放就绪池的概念一致。我们的结论是,TIRFM构成了一种独立的池耗竭检测方法。TIRFM将使我们能够研究以前在活细胞中无法获得的分泌方面,特别是在胞吐和再供应近膜囊泡池之前和期间小泡的空间关系和动力学。
Abstract We have monitored single vesicles (granules) in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells using an optical sectioning technique, total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM). With TIR, fluorescence excitation is limited to an optical slice near a glass/water interface. In cells located at the interface, granules loaded with fluorescent dye can be visualized near to or docked at the plasma membrane. Here we give evidence that (1) TIRFM resolves single vesicles and (2) the fluorescence signal originates from vesicles of roughly 350 nm diameter, presumably large dense core vesicles (LDCVs). (3) Diffusional spread of released vesicle contents can be resolved and serves as a convenient criterion for a fusion event. (4) We give details on vesicle properties in resting cells, such as lateral mobility of chromaffin granules, number density, and frequency of spontaneous fusion or withdrawal into the cytoplasm. (5) Upon stimulation with high extracellular potassium, TIRFM reports depletion of the `visible pool' of vesicles closest to the plasma membrane within hundreds of milliseconds, consistent with previous concepts of a release-ready pool. We conclude that TIRFM constitutes an independent assay for pool depletion. TIRFM will allow us to study aspects of secretion that have previously been inaccessible in living cells, in particular the spatial relations and dynamics of vesicles prior to and during exocytosis and re-supply of the near-membrane pool of vesicles.
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