A Shift in Task Routines During the Learning of a Motor Skill: Group-Averaged Data May Mask Critical Phases in the Individuals' Acquisition of Skilled Performance
A Shift in Task Routines During the Learning of a Motor Skill: Group-Averaged Data May Mask Critical Phases in the Individuals' Acquisition of Skilled Performance
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DOI：
10.1037/a0013217
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Vakil, Eli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adi-Japha, Esther;Karni, Avi;Vakil, Eli
作者描述了在运动序列训练期间的一个瞬态阶段，其中，在速度的初始改善和变异性的降低之后，个体参与者的表现显示出变异性的显著增加，而平均表现速度没有变化。在这一阶段之后，随着实践的继续，变异性再次降低，表现大大超过了通过外推初始学习曲线预测的收益，所犯错误的类型发生了变化，表现变得更加连贯。增加可变性的瞬时阶段可能反映了在更有效的一个被设置和掌握之前，2个（或更多）性能例程的混合，大概是设置特定序列的表示。组和个体分析都表明偏离了单一过程（例如，学习的幂律模型。然而，尽管在平均组数据中出现了类似的阶段，但与个体参与者的时间过程几乎没有对应关系，并且个体在第二个低变异性阶段的收益被掩盖了。
The authors describe a transient phase during training on a movement sequence wherein, after an initial improvement in speed and decrease in variability, individual participants' performance showed a significant increase in variability without change in mean performance speed. Subsequent to this phase, as practice continued, variability again decreased, performance significantly exceeded the gains predicted by extrapolation of the initial learning curve, the type of errors committed changed, and performance became more coherent. The transient phase of increased variability may reflect a mixture of 2 (or more) performance routines before the more effective one is set and mastered, presumably the setting up of a sequence-specific representation. Both group and individual analyses indicated a departure from the single process (e.g., power-law) model of learning. However, although similar phases appeared in the mean group data, there was little correspondence to individual participants' time courses, and the individuals' gains in the second low-variability phase were masked.