Sugar concentration in nectar: a quantitative metric of crop attractiveness for refined pollinator risk assessments
Sugar concentration in nectar: a quantitative metric of crop attractiveness for refined pollinator risk assessments
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花蜜中的糖浓度：用于精细授粉媒介风险评估的作物吸引力的定量指标
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Lisa M Bowers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Knopper;Tereza V. Dan;D. Reisig;Josephine D. Johnson;Lisa M Bowers
传粉者风险评估人员知道农作物对蜜蜂的吸引力各不相同。直观地说，这意味着对农业杀虫剂的暴露可能对有吸引力的植物最大，对没有吸引力的植物最小。虽然一些权威机构对风险评估过程中的作物吸引力进行了定性评论，但缺乏关于如何用吸引力的定量指标来完善这一过程的指导。在高层次上，作物对蜜蜂的吸引力似乎取决于几个关键变量，包括但不限于：花香、嗅觉、视觉和触觉线索;季节性;蜜蜂的身体和行为特征;植物和花蜜奖励。尽管这些变量之间的复杂性和相互作用，花蜜中的糖含量脱颖而出，作为一个合适的定量指标，以完善传粉者的风险评估的吸引力。本文提供了一种使用糖花蜜浓度来调整风险因子计算中的暴露参数（使用所谓的作物吸引力因子）的建议方法，以得出特定作物的I级评估。这一观点旨在就将这些变化纳入风险评估过程展开讨论。版权所有2016作者.有害生物管理科学由John Wiley & Sons Ltd代表化学工业协会出版。
Abstract Those involved with pollinator risk assessment know that agricultural crops vary in attractiveness to bees. Intuitively, this means that exposure to agricultural pesticides is likely greatest for attractive plants and lowest for unattractive plants. While crop attractiveness in the risk assessment process has been qualitatively remarked on by some authorities, absent is direction on how to refine the process with quantitative metrics of attractiveness. At a high level, attractiveness of crops to bees appears to depend on several key variables, including but not limited to: floral, olfactory, visual and tactile cues; seasonal availability; physical and behavioral characteristics of the bee; plant and nectar rewards. Notwithstanding the complexities and interactions among these variables, sugar content in nectar stands out as a suitable quantitative metric by which to refine pollinator risk assessments for attractiveness. Provided herein is a proposed way to use sugar nectar concentration to adjust the exposure parameter (with what is called a crop attractiveness factor) in the calculation of risk quotients in order to derive crop‐specific tier I assessments. This Perspective is meant to invite discussion on incorporating such changes in the risk assessment process. © 2016 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.