Presence of ice-nucleating Pseudomonas on wheat leaves promotes Septoria tritici blotch disease (Zymoseptoria tritici) via a mutually beneficial interaction.
Presence of ice-nucleating Pseudomonas on wheat leaves promotes Septoria tritici blotch disease (Zymoseptoria tritici) via a mutually beneficial interaction.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-74615-7
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发表时间：
2020-10-20
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Fones HN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fones HN
小麦发酵斑病菌 (Zymoseptoria tritici) 会导致小麦发生小麦斑枯病 (STB)，这是一种重要的经济疾病，尽管使用了杀菌剂和抗性品种，但仍导致产量损失高达 10%。小麦小麦感染大约 10 天无症状，在此期间，真菌在叶表面随机生长，然后通过气孔进入。受伤的叶子显示出更快、更广泛的 STB，表明伤口有利于真菌进入。小麦叶子也含有附生细菌。其中包括冰核（INA+）细菌，它们在比其他情况更高的温度下会引起霜冻损害。在这里，当小麦同时暴露于 INA+ 细菌和零度以下的温度时，STB 表现得更快、更严重。这表明冰核引起的小麦叶子损伤为真菌进入提供了额外的开口。 INA+细菌群体被证明受益于小麦粒菌的存在，表明这种微生物相互作用是互惠的。最后，控制 INA+ 细菌可减少 STB。
Zymoseptoria tritici causes Septoria tritici blotch (STB) of wheat, an economically important disease causing yield losses of up to 10% despite the use of fungicides and resistant cultivars. Z. tritici infection is symptomless for around 10 days, during which time the fungus grows randomly across the leaf surface prior to entry through stomata. Wounded leaves show faster, more extensive STB, suggesting that wounds facilitate fungal entry. Wheat leaves also host epiphytic bacteria; these include ice-nucleating (INA+) bacteria, which induce frost damage at warmer temperatures than it otherwise occurs. Here, STB is shown to be more rapid and severe when wheat is exposed to both INA+ bacteria and sub-zero temperatures. This suggests that ice-nucleation-induced wounding of the wheat leaf provides additional openings for fungal entry. INA+ bacterial populations are shown to benefit from the presence of Z. tritici, indicating that this microbial interaction is mutualistic. Finally, control of INA+ bacteria is shown to reduce STB.