Blockchain, consent and prosent for medical research.
Blockchain, consent and prosent for medical research.
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DOI：
10.1136/medethics-2019-105963
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发表时间：
2020-05-04
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Benchoufi M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Porsdam Mann S;Savulescu J;Ravaud P;Benchoufi M
医疗和信息技术的最新进展、新型医疗数据的可得性、研究参与者人数的增加以及招募和留住研究人员的困难，都对医学研究的具体和知情同意的传统模式提出了严重问题。然而，这些进步也使安全共享和分析数据的新方法成为可能。本文介绍了其中的一项进步-区块链技术-并认为它们可以用于以安全和可审计的方式共享医疗数据。此外，同意和数据收集的某些方面，以及数据访问管理和分析，可以使用基于区块链的智能合约实现自动化。本文展示了区块链技术如何用于促进同意要求背后的所有三个生物伦理原则：患者的自主权，通过给予他们对数据的更大控制权;有益，通过极大地促进医学研究效率并减少偏见和错误的机会;和正义，使罕见或研究不足的条件下，病人匿名汇总他们的数据进行分析。最后，我们创造并描述了Prosent的新概念，我们的意思是研究过程中所有利益相关者在区块链支持下能够在特定条件下（例如试验完成）匿名并主动同意数据发布或交换。
Recent advances in medical and information technologies, the availability of new types of medical data, the requirement of increasing numbers of study participants, as well as difficulties in recruitment and retention, all present serious problems for traditional models of specific and informed consent to medical research. However, these advances also enable novel ways to securely share and analyse data. This paper introduces one of these advances—blockchain technologies—and argues that they can be used to share medical data in a secure and auditable fashion. In addition, some aspects of consent and data collection, as well as data access management and analysis, can be automated using blockchain-based smart contracts. This paper demonstrates how blockchain technologies can be used to further all three of the bioethical principles underlying consent requirements: the autonomy of patients, by giving them much greater control over their data; beneficence, by greatly facilitating medical research efficiency and by reducing biases and opportunities for errors; and justice, by enabling patients with rare or under-researched conditions to pseudonymously aggregate their data for analysis. Finally, we coin and describe the novel concept of prosent, by which we mean the blockchain-enabled ability of all stakeholders in the research process to pseudonymously and proactively consent to data release or exchange under specific conditions, such as trial completion.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Aitken M;de St Jorre J;Pagliari C;Jepson R;Cunningham-Burley S
通讯作者：
Cunningham-Burley S
DOI：
10.1093/jamia/ocx068
发表时间：
2017-11-01
期刊：
Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kuo TT;Kim HE;Ohno-Machado L
通讯作者：
Ohno-Machado L
DOI：
10.1098/rsta.2016.0130
发表时间：
2016-12-28
期刊：
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Porsdam Mann S;Savulescu J;Sahakian BJ
通讯作者：
Sahakian BJ
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Andrade, Chittaranjan
通讯作者：
Andrade, Chittaranjan
影响因子：
39
作者：
Seife, Charles
通讯作者：
Seife, Charles