Estimating meltwater retention and associated nitrate redistribution during snowmelt in an Arctic tundra landscape
Estimating meltwater retention and associated nitrate redistribution during snowmelt in an Arctic tundra landscape
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估算北极苔原景观融雪过程中的融水滞留和相关硝酸盐重新分布
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
B. Elberling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Westergaard‐Nielsen;Thomas Balstrøm;U. Treier;S. Normand;B. Elberling
北极生态系统中的氮供应是生物活动（包括植物生长）的关键驱动力，因此与北极的绿化直接相关。在这里，我们模拟了春季融雪后融水的重新分配以及融水和溶解硝酸盐在景观尺度上的积累。通过结合雪测绘与无人驾驶航空系统，雪化学和水文建模，我们认为，大多数硝酸盐在积雪被冲出景观由于有限的存储容量的融水在生长季节冻土早期。我们说明了如何景观微地形是一个重要的参数，量化存储容量的融水在景观尺度，从而相关联的池可溶性化合物，如硝酸盐。这个游泳池将可用于植物，并可能是重要的植物多样性和增长率在最潮湿的部分景观。这项研究表明，在北极冬季均匀分布的硝酸盐输入可能会重新分配在最初的融雪，并导致显着的差异，在生物可用的硝酸盐在生长季节的开始，但也大多数沉积在雪中的硝酸盐是失去了从陆地到水生环境在融雪。
Nitrogen availability in Arctic ecosystems is a key driver for biological activity, including plant, growth and thereby directly linked to the greening of the Arctic. Here, we model the redistribution of meltwater following spring snowmelt as well as the accumulation of meltwater and dissolved nitrate at landscape scale. By combining snow mapping with unmanned aerial systems, snow chemistry, and hydrological modelling, we argue that the majority of nitrate in the snowpack is flushed out of the landscape due to the limited storage capacity of meltwater in the early growing season frozen soil. We illustrate how landscape micro-topography is a crucial parameter to quantify storage capacity of meltwater at landscape scale and thereby the associated pool of soluble compounds such as nitrate. This pool will be available for plants and may be important for plant diversity and growth rates in the wettest part of the landscape. This study illustrates that the evenly distributed nitrate input during the Arctic winter may be redistributed during the initial snowmelt and lead to marked differences in biologically available nitrate at the onset of the growing season, but also that the majority of deposited nitrate in snow is lost from the terrestrial to the aquatic environment during snowmelt.