Sunshine Policies and Murky Shadows in Europe: Disclosure of Pharmaceutical Industry Payments to Health Professionals in Nine European Countries.
Sunshine Policies and Murky Shadows in Europe: Disclosure of Pharmaceutical Industry Payments to Health Professionals in Nine European Countries.
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DOI：
10.15171/ijhpm.2018.20
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Mintzes B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fabbri A;Santos A;Mezinska S;Mulinari S;Mintzes B
卫生专业人员和制药商之间的关系可能会过度影响临床实践。这些关系是包括欧洲在内的全球透明度努力的重点。我们对2017年2月前在9个欧盟国家实施的关于向卫生专业人员支付费用的透明度规定进行了描述性内容分析，所有数据都有重复的独立编码。使用作者生成的半结构化问卷，我们从每个披露政策/代码中收集了以下信息：目标行业，所涵盖的医疗保健专业人员类别，所包括的支付范围，所披露数据的位置和可搜索性。我们的分析表明，尽管在过去几年中取得了重要进展，但在披露要求及其执行方面仍存在重大差距。各国的情况大不相同，最显著的差别是政府和自我管制办法之间的差别，特别是在所披露数据的全面性方面。在许多情况下，个人仍然可以选择退出，报告是不完整的，不包括食品和饮料等常见的有影响力的礼物。最后，在一些国家，数据只作为公司提供的单独PDF文件提供，因此很难获得和分析付款报告。为了克服这些差距，应在整个欧洲实施最低披露标准。应包括向医疗保健专业人员和组织支付的所有款项，应要求所有与健康相关的行业提交报告，并应保证披露数据的可用性。
Relationships between health professionals and pharmaceutical manufacturers can unduly influence clinical practice. These relationships are the focus of global transparency efforts, including in Europe. We conducted a descriptive content analysis of the transparency provisions implemented by February 2017 in nine European Union (EU) countries concerning payments to health professionals, with duplicate independent coding of all data. Using an author-generated, semi-structured questionnaire, we collected information from each disclosure policy/code on: target industries, categories of healthcare professionals covered, scope of payments included, location and searchability of the disclosed data. Our analysis shows that although important improvements have been put in place in the past few years, significant gaps remain in disclosure requirements and their implementation. The situation differs substantially from country to country and the most striking differences are between governmental and self-regulatory approaches, especially with regard to the comprehensiveness of the disclosed data. In many cases, individuals can still opt out and reporting is incomplete, with common influential gifts such as food and drink excluded. Finally, in several countries data are only available as separate PDFs from companies, thus making the payment reports difficult to access and analyse. In order to overcome these gaps, minimum standards for disclosures should be implemented across Europe. All payments to healthcare professionals and organizations should be included, all health-related industries should be required to submit reports, and usability of disclosed data should be guaranteed.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
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