STUDIES OF CELL CYCLE IN HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS
STUDIES OF CELL CYCLE IN HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS
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发表时间：
2000
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通讯作者：
Meng Zhao-cai
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作者：
Meng Zhao-cai
使用相机、CCD 彩色电视摄像机和记录系统对雨生红球藻（一种双鞭毛单细胞绿藻和天然虾青素的潜在来源）的细胞周期进行了显微镜研究。细胞周期可分为两个阶段（运动阶段和非运动阶段），所有藻类可分为四种细胞形态：运动细胞、非运动细胞、无球孢子和游动孢子，而在许多论文中经常出现的鞭毛细胞、掌毛细胞、红细胞和绿细胞等术语因不同原因被排除在外。在正常培养条件下，细胞的主要增殖是通过无性繁殖在运动阶段和非运动阶段完成的。运动细胞通过无性繁殖主要产生2个游动孢子，有时4个，有时8个。当暴露于应激环境条件时，运动细胞和游动孢子失去鞭毛，停止运动，变成非运动细胞。非运动细胞即使暴露在不利的生长条件下，也可以在非运动阶段通过无性繁殖产生新细胞。非运动细胞通常产生4～8个无孢子，有时1个孢子囊内可产生20个以上的无孢子。当培养条件适合雨生红球藻生长时，体积大的不动细胞产生16个游动孢子，体积小的不动细胞产生8个，细胞分裂速度不等，分别为3、5、6、7''''''；游动孢子通常存在于一个孢子囊中。偶尔在通过直接分裂的运动细胞和通过出芽的一些小的非运动细胞中观察到营养繁殖。然而，当在实验室培养条件下监测同配过程的初始部分时，有性生殖可能存在。基于上述观察，提出了雨生红球藻的初级细胞周期。
The cell cycle of Haematococcus pluvialis, a biflagellared unicellular green alga and a potential source of natural astaxanthin, was studied out microscopically using camera, CCD color-TV video camera and recorder system. The cell cycle can be divided into two stages (motile and non-motile stage), and all the algae can be classified into four forms of cells: motile cell, non-motile cell, aplanospore and zoospore, while the terms as flagellated cell, palmella akinete, red cell and green cell often appeared in many papers are excluded with different reasons. The main proliferation of cells is accomplished by asexual reproduction both at the motile stage and non-motile stage under normal culture conditions. The motile cells mainly produce 2 zoospores, sometime 4, and occasionally 8 by asexual reproduction. The motile cells and zoospores lose their flagella, stop moving, turn into non-motile cells when exposured to stress environmental conditions. The non-motile cells can produce new cells by asexual reproduction at the non-motile stage even if they are exposed to unfavorable growth conditions. The non-motile cells usually produce 4 or 8 aplanospores, occasionally more than 20 aplanospores were checked in one sporangium. When the culture condition is suitable for Haematococcus pluvialis growth, nonmotile cells with large volume produce 16 zoospores and the small ones produce 8 with unequal cell division speeds as 3, 5, 6, 7''''''; zoospores are often checked in one sporangium. Vegetative reproduction was observed occasionally both in motile cells by direct division and some small non-motile cells by budding. However, sexual reproduction may exist as initial part of isogamy process was monitored once under the laboratory culture condition. Based on the above observation, a primary cell cycle of Haematococcus pluvialis is suggested.