Disease dynamics vary spatially and temporally in a North American amphibian
Disease dynamics vary spatially and temporally in a North American amphibian
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2011.03.018
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Zamudio, Kelly R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Savage, Anna E.;Sredl, Michael J.;Zamudio, Kelly R.
当地环境条件是影响壶菌病的主要因素，壶菌病是一种新出现的疾病，由真菌树枝状串珠壶菌（Bd）引起，影响了全世界200多种两栖动物。在北美，季节性和区域栖息地的差异预测相当大的空间和时间的疾病变异性，但稀疏和机会性的性质，大多数研究提供了足够的数据，了解区域Bd流行病学。我们提出了一个为期五年的实地研究，揭示了空间和时间的Bd动态在美国亚利桑那州的岩藻yavapaiensis种群。两个种群没有表现出Bd感染或死亡，10个种群表现出冬季Bd感染，5个种群经历了冬季死亡。感染强度下降，冬季采样季节，而死亡率和感染率并没有随着时间的推移而改变。死于壶菌病的青蛙比幸存者明显更大，感染强度也明显更高。我们的结论是，保存L。yavapaiensis和其他本地两栖动物需要保护和管理河岸生态系统，以促进足够大的种群在壶菌病的冬季周期中生存下来。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Local environmental conditions are a primary factor influencing chytridiomycosis, an emerging disease caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) that has affected over 200 amphibian species worldwide. In North America, seasonality and regional habitat differences predict considerable spatial and temporal disease variability, yet the sparse and opportunistic nature of most studies have provided insufficient data for understanding regional Bd epidemiology. We present a five-year field study that reveals spatial and temporal Bd dynamics across Lithobates yavapaiensis populations in Arizona, USA. Two populations showed no Bd infection or mortality, ten populations showed winter Bd infection, and five populations experienced winter mortality. Infection intensity decreased over winter sampling seasons, whereas mortality and infection prevalence did not change over time. Frogs dying from chytridiomycosis were significantly larger and had significantly higher infection intensities than survivors. We conclude that conserving L. yavapaiensis and other native amphibians requires protection and management of riparian ecosystems to promote populations large enough to survive winter cycles of chytridiomycosis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.