Effects of a very short-term preseason training procedure on the fitness of soccer players.
Effects of a very short-term preseason training procedure on the fitness of soccer players.
复制标题
非常短期的季前训练程序对足球运动员体能的影响。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
A. Eliakim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Y. Meckel;U. Harel;Y. Michaely;A. Eliakim
目的
这项研究的目的是检查短期训练计划对年轻足球运动员在季前赛期间体能水平的即时和后期变化的影响。
方法
24名年轻（17-18岁）足球运动员被随机分配到间隔（9至5 × 1000米）或连续（9000至5000米）训练组，匹配的总跑步距离。虽然每天的间隔次数或总距离都在减少，但在两个训练计划的五天中，每次训练的速度都在增加。在即将到来的足球赛季的季前赛期间，每组进行20米穿梭跑，10米短跑，5 × 10米跑，250米跑和垂直跳跃测试，在前（前），后（后）和10天后（晚）完成连续5天的训练日。
结果
两个训练组的有氧能力在训练后即刻和后期测试中都有显著增加。我们发现，与连续训练组相比，在间隔训练后立即进行的250米跑中，表现明显下降。此外，在训练后立即和后期测试中，与连续训练组相比，在间隔中垂直跳跃的减少明显更大。
结论
非常短的间隔或连续的季前训练计划诱导有氧健身的显着改善，但导致无氧性能的停滞或恶化。考虑到两种训练模式的相反效果（对有氧能力有利，但对无氧能力不利），教练员应根据手头的相关条件做出选择。
AIM
The aim of the study was to examine the effect of a very short-term training program on the immediate and late changes in the fitness level of young soccer players during the pre-season period.
METHODS
Twenty-four young (17-18 years) soccer players were randomly assigned to either an interval (9 to 5 X 1000 m) or continuous (9000 to 5000 m) training group, matched for total running distance. While the number of intervals or total distance was reduced every day, speed was increased in each session throughout the five days of both training programs. Each group performed 20 m shuttle run, 10 m sprint, 5 X 10 m run, 250 m run and vertical jump test, before (pre), immediately after (post) and 10 days after (late) completion of five successive training days during the preseason period for the upcoming soccer season.
RESULTS
There was a significant increase in aerobic capacity both immediately post-training and in the late test, in both training groups. We found a significantly greater reduced performance in the 250 m run immediately following training in the interval compared to the continuous training group. In addition, there was a decrease in vertical jump that was significantly greater in the interval compared to the continuous training group, both immediately post-training and in the late test.
CONCLUSION
Very short interval or continuous preseason training programs induce significant improvement in aerobic fitness but lead to stagnation or deterioration in anaerobic performance. Considering the opposing effects of both training modes (positive on the aerobic power but negative on the anaerobic performance), coaches should make their choices based on the relevant conditions at hand.