Seroprevalence and sero-conversion after vaccination against Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats from Awash Fentale District, Afar, Ethiopia
Seroprevalence and sero-conversion after vaccination against Peste des Petits Ruminants in sheep and goats from Awash Fentale District, Afar, Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2011.10.007
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发表时间：
2012-02-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Kelay, B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Faris, D.;Yilkal, A.;Kelay, B.
2006年9月至2007年6月，在埃塞俄比亚阿法尔阿瓦什芬塔莱地区的小反刍动物群体中进行了一项横断面流行病学研究，随后进行了疫苗接种和疫苗接种后血清抗体评估，以调查血清阳性率和疫苗接种后血清转化率。采用基于核蛋白的竞争性酶联免疫吸附试验（c-ELISA）对未接种疫苗的绵羊和山羊采集的总共1239份血清进行了筛选。仅21只（1.70%）动物被发现呈阳性。在基线血清流行率研究之后，该地区的小型反刍动物使用埃塞俄比亚德布雷泽特国家兽医研究所 (NVI) 生产的减毒同源 PPR 病毒（尼日利亚 75/1）株疫苗进行了疫苗接种。接种疫苗十四天后，从接种群体中重新取样了 1096 只小反刍动物。人群接种后血清转化率为61.13%，群体免疫力相对较弱。血清转化率低的主要原因可能是疫苗的耐热性，因为使用 95% CI 的卡方检验，在由兽医专业人员和社区动物卫生工作者 (CAHW) 接种的小反刍动物之间没有观察到统计学上的显着差异 (P> 0.05)。这意味着除了由 CAHW 独立接种的疫苗外，还需要能够潜在提高群体免疫力的耐热疫苗。目前的调查结果表明，在阿法尔等地区，尽管牲畜数量众多，但兽医很少，CAHW 可以参与疫苗接种活动，作为牧民的生计手段。 (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
A cross-sectional epidemiological study followed by vaccination and postvaccinal serum antibody assessment against Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) in small ruminant population of Awash Fentale District, Afar, Ethiopia, was conducted from September 2006 to June 2007 with the aim of investigating seroprevalence and post-vaccination sero-conversion rate. A total of 1239 sera collected from sheep and goats which were not vaccinated, were screened by using nucleoprotein-based competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). Only 21(1.70%) animals were found to be positive. Following the base-line seroprevalence study, small ruminants in the area were vaccinated using the attenuated homologous PPR virus (Nigeria 75/1) strain vaccine, produced at National Veterinary Institute (NVI) in Debre-Zeit, Ethiopia. A total of 1096 small ruminants were resampled from the vaccinated population fourteen days after vaccination. The postvaccination sero-conversion rate in the population was found to be 61.13%, indicating a relatively weak herd immunity. The main reason for the low sero-conversion could be the thermolabile nature of the vaccine, since no statistically significant difference was observed between small ruminants vaccinated by Veterinary Professionals and Community Animal Health Workers (CAHWs), using Chi-squared test at 95% CI (P> 0.05). This signifies the need for thermostable vaccine that could potentially increase the herd immunity in addition to that being administered by CAHWs independently. The current finding indicated that CAHWs could participate in vaccination campaigns in such areas as Afar, where there are few veterinarians despite of the huge livestock populations, as means of pastoralists' livelihood. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.