Relationship between adiposity and body size reveals limitations of BMI
Relationship between adiposity and body size reveals limitations of BMI
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.20262
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Holder, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nevill, AM;Stewart, AD;Holder, R
本研究的目的是评估1）身高调整后的体重指数（BMI）是否是运动和非运动人群肥胖的有效代表，以及2）皮褶测量值是否与身体大小成比例增加，从而遵守几何相似性原则。研究设计是横断面的，允许皮褶厚度卡尺读数（在8个地点和特定的运动和非运动组之间，n = 478）和身体大小（质量，身高，或两者兼而有之）之间的关系进行探索，集体，使用比例异速生长MANCOVA，并单独（每个网站）与后续ANCOVA。皮褶相对于体重的增加速度比几何相似性假设的要快得多，但较高的受试者肥胖程度更低而不是更多，这使得传统皮褶-身高调整（170.18/身高）的使用受到质疑。反映皮褶厚度测量的最佳体型指数是与BMI相似的身高调整体重指数。然而，在控制了身体尺寸（近似BMI）和年龄的差异后，皮褶厚度的运动差异仍然存在，与对照组相比，男性力量和速度训练运动员的皮褶厚度显著降低（分别为32%和23%）。同样，女性力量型运动员的皮褶厚度比对照组低29%，控制了身体尺寸和年龄。这些结果对BMI准确代表肥胖的有效性及其区分人群的能力提出了严重质疑。这些发现表明，使用表面人体测量法（如经验丰富的从业者按照既定程序拍摄的皮褶）将获得更有效（偏差较小）的肥胖评估。
The aims of this study were to assess 1) whether the stature-adjusted body mass index (BMI) is a valid proxy for adiposity across both athletic and nonathletic populations, and 2) whether skinfold measurements increase in proportion to body size, thus obeying the principle of geometric similarity. The research design was cross-sectional, allowing the relationship between skinfold calliper readings (at eight sites and between specific athletic and nonathletic groups, n = 478) and body size (either mass, stature, or both) to be explored both collectively, using proportional allometric MANCOVA, and individually (for each site) with follow-up ANCOVAs. Skinfolds increase at a much greater rate relative to body mass than that assumed by geometric similarity, but taller subjects had less rather than more adiposity, calling into question the use of the traditional skin fold-stature adjustment, 170.18/stature. The best body-size index reflective of skinfold measurements was a stature-adjusted body mass index similar to the BMI. However, sporting differences in skinfold thickness persisted, having controlled for differences in body size (approximate BMI) and age, with male strength- and speed-trained athletes having significantly lower skinfolds (32% and 23%, respectively) compared with controls. Similarly, female strength athletes had 29% lower skinfold measurements compared to controls, having controlled for body size and age. These results cast serious doubts on the validity of BMI to represent adiposity accurately and its ability to differentiate between populations. These findings suggest a more valid (less biased) assessment of fatness will be obtained using surface anthropometry such as skinfolds taken by experienced practitioners following established procedures.