The case of the diatoms and the muddled mandalas: Time to recognize diatom adaptations to stratified waters
The case of the diatoms and the muddled mandalas: Time to recognize diatom adaptations to stratified waters
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pocean.2018.08.002
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发表时间：
2018-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
A. Kemp;T. Villareal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Kemp;T. Villareal
用于预测未来海洋生态系统和生物地球化学行为的模型依赖于简化的生态框架，从而可以定义浮游生物功能类型。在这些框架中，最重要的是马加列夫的曼荼罗。他1978年的论文在过去的十年中越来越多地被引用，因为简化的生态方案已经被用来帮助预测气候变化对浮游植物的影响。然而，曼荼罗是基于40多年前对这一主题的理解，当时的观测研究主要限于沿海海洋和近地表沃茨。此外，最近的曼荼罗复制品是对马加列夫原作的显著过度简化。在这些简化的曼陀罗型结构中，硅藻，特别是，通常被视为一个单一的浮游生物功能类型，在湍流沃茨中茁壮成长，并随着分层的增加而减少。在此基础上，人们普遍预测，硅藻的生产力以及海洋生物碳泵的有效性将随着气候变化而下降，气候变化正在加剧海洋分层。但Margalef的原创作品采用了更精细的方法，描绘了适应更分层条件的硅藻属，如亚热带贫营养环流的特征。如果我们现在利用近几十年来观测海洋学的巨大进步，很明显，即使在最强烈的分层和明显的贫营养条件下，硅藻也可能茁壮成长，开花并产生大量出口。事实上，一些硅藻物种对这种环境有独特的适应性。因此，我们建议是时候放弃过于简单的计划，并认识到硅藻的多样性生态。
Models used to predict future ocean ecosystem and biogeochemical behaviour depend on simplified ecological frameworks allowing the definition of plankton functional types. Foremost among such frameworks has been the mandala of Margalef. His 1978 paper has been increasingly referred to in the past decade as simplified ecological schemes have been sought to help predict the effect of climate change on phytoplankton. However, the mandala is based on an understanding of the subject that is over 40 years old, when observational studies were largely limited to the coastal ocean and to near surface waters. Furthermore, most recent reproductions of the mandala are significant oversimplifications of Margalef’s original. In these simplified mandala-type constructs, diatoms, in particular, have commonly been cast as a single plankton functional type that thrive in turbulent waters and decrease in abundance with increasing stratification. On this basis, it is widely predicted that diatom productivity and hence the effectiveness of the marine biological carbon pump will decrease with climate change that is driving increased stratification of the oceans. But Margalef’s original took a more refined approach and depicted diatom genera that were adapted to more stratified conditions such as those characteristic of the subtropical oligotrophic gyres. If we now draw on the vast advances in observational oceanography of recent decades it is evident that diatoms may thrive, bloom and generate significant export even in the most intensely stratified and apparently oligotrophic conditions. Indeed, some diatom species have unique adaptations to such environments. We therefore suggest that it is time to abandon oversimplified schemes and recognize the diverse ecology of diatoms.