C. elegans Males Integrate Food Signals and Biological Sex to Modulate State-Dependent Chemosensation and Behavioral Prioritization.
C. elegans Males Integrate Food Signals and Biological Sex to Modulate State-Dependent Chemosensation and Behavioral Prioritization.
复制标题
雄性线虫整合食物信号和生物性别来调节状态依赖性化学感觉和行为优先顺序。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2020.05.006
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Portman,DouglasS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wexler,LeighR;Miller,ReneeM;Portman,DouglasS
内部和外部线索的动态整合对于灵活的适应性行为至关重要。在秀丽隐杆线虫中，生物性别和进食状态调节食物相关化学受体odr-10的表达，有助于食物检测的可塑性和进食与探索之间的决定。在成年雌雄同体中，odr-10的表达很高，但在营养良好的成年雄性中，odr-10的表达很低，促进了探索性的求偶行为。食物剥夺瞬时激活maleodr-10表达，提高食物敏感性，减少食物残留。在这里，我们确定了一个神经内分泌反馈回路，它在食物剥夺时特异性地调节sodr-10。在进食良好的雄性中，胰岛素样（胰岛素/IGF-1信号传导[IIS]）和转化生长因子β（TGF-β）信号传导抑制dr-10表达。在食物剥夺时，odr-10被经典的秀丽隐杆线虫IIS效应器fos-16/FoxO直接激活。TGF-β配体DAF-7可能作用于IIS的上游，并仅在雄性中连接进食toodr-10，部分原因是ASJ中daf-7的雄性特异性表达。令人惊讶的是，这些对食物剥夺的反应不是由内部代谢线索触发的，而是由与食物相关的感觉信号的丢失触发的。当雄性在不可食用的食物存在下饥饿时，它们会出现营养应激，butodr-10表达保持较低，探索行为受到的抑制程度低于饥饿对照雄性。食物信号由少数感觉神经元检测，其活动非自主地调节daf-7表达、IIS和dodr-10。因此，adultC. elegansmales采用神经内分泌反馈回路，整合食物检测和遗传性别，以动态调节化学感受器的表达，并影响进食与探索的决定。
Dynamic integration of internal and external cues is essential for flexible, adaptive behavior. InC. elegans, biological sex and feeding state regulate expression of the food-associated chemoreceptorodr-10, contributing to plasticity in food detection and the decision between feeding and exploration. In adult hermaphrodites,odr-10expression is high, but in well-fed adult males,odr-10expression is low, promoting exploratory mate-searching behavior. Food-deprivation transiently activates maleodr-10expression, heightening food sensitivity and reducing food leaving. Here, we identify a neuroendocrine feedback loop that sex-specifically regulatesodr-10in response to food deprivation. In well-fed males, insulin-like (insulin/IGF-1 signaling [IIS]) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling repressodr-10expression. Upon food deprivation,odr-10is directly activated by DAF-16/FoxO, the canonicalC. elegansIIS effector. The TGF-β ligand DAF-7 likely acts upstream of IIS and links feeding toodr-10only in males, due in part to the male-specific expression ofdaf-7in ASJ. Surprisingly, these responses to food deprivation are not triggered by internal metabolic cues but rather by the loss of sensory signals associated with food. When males are starved in the presence of inedible food, they become nutritionally stressed, butodr-10expression remains low and exploratory behavior is suppressed less than in starved control males. Food signals are detected by a small number of sensory neurons whose activity non-autonomously regulatesdaf-7expression, IIS, andodr-10. Thus, adultC. elegansmales employ a neuroendocrine feedback loop that integrates food detection and genetic sex to dynamically modulate chemoreceptor expression and influence the feeding-versus-exploration decision.