Tracer Particles for Core-collapse Supernova Nucleosynthesis: The Advantages of Moving Backward
Tracer Particles for Core-collapse Supernova Nucleosynthesis: The Advantages of Moving Backward
复制标题
DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/acc8d1
复制
发表时间：
2022-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Sieverding;P. G. Waldrop;J. A. Harris;W. Hix;E. Lentz;S. Bruenn;O. E. Bronson Messer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Sieverding;P. G. Waldrop;J. A. Harris;W. Hix;E. Lentz;S. Bruenn;O. E. Bronson Messer
几十年后，核心坍缩超新星爆炸的理论研究正在从参数化的球对称模型转向越来越现实的多维模拟。然而，基于这种多维核心坍缩超新星模拟获得核合成产率并不简单。通常使用示踪粒子。示踪剂颗粒可以在模拟过程中原位跟踪，但它们通常在后处理步骤中基于在流体动力学模拟过程中保存的信息进行重建。重建可以通过多种方式进行，在这里，我们比较了运动方程的向后和向前积分的方法与基于内联粒子轨迹的结果。我们发现，这两种方法都相当好地同意与内联结果的同位素，大量的粒子作出贡献。然而，对于仅由少量粒子轨道产生的稀有同位素，偏差可能很大。对于我们的设置，我们发现，向后积分导致更好的协议与内联粒子更准确地再现冻结后的条件，从核统计平衡，因为核统计平衡的建立消除了需要详细的轨迹在较早的时间。根据我们的研究结果，如果内联示踪剂不可用，我们建议向后重建到最后一次应用核统计平衡时的点，模拟快照之间的间隔最多为1 ms，用于核合成后处理。
After decades, the theoretical study of core-collapse supernova explosions is moving from parameterized, spherically symmetric models to increasingly realistic multidimensional simulations. However, obtaining nucleosynthesis yields based on such multidimensional core-collapse supernova simulations is not straightforward. Frequently, tracer particles are employed. Tracer particles may be tracked in situ during the simulation, but often they are reconstructed in a post-processing step based on the information saved during the hydrodynamic simulation. Reconstruction can be done in a number of ways, and here we compare the approaches of backward and forward integration of the equations of motion to the results based on inline particle trajectories. We find that both methods agree reasonably well with the inline results for isotopes for which a large number of particles contribute. However, for rarer isotopes that are produced only by a small number of particle trajectories, deviations can be large. For our setup, we find that backward integration leads to better agreement with the inline particles by more accurately reproducing the conditions following freeze-out from nuclear statistical equilibrium, because the establishment of nuclear statistical equilibrium erases the need for detailed trajectories at earlier times. Based on our results, if inline tracers are unavailable, we recommend backward reconstruction to the point when nuclear statistical equilibrium was last applied, with an interval between simulation snapshots of at most 1 ms for nucleosynthesis post-processing.