Novel norovirus recombinants detected in South Africa.
Novel norovirus recombinants detected in South Africa.
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DOI：
10.1186/1743-422x-11-168
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发表时间：
2014-09-17
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Taylor MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mans J;Murray TY;Taylor MB
诺如病毒（NoV）是全球病毒性胃肠炎的主要原因。在NoV基因型内部和之间经常发生突变，并且重组体与NoV的零星病例、爆发和大流行有关。在非洲缺乏关于NoV重组体的数据，因此在南非（SA）调查了它们的存在和多样性。在2010年至2013年期间，在SA中鉴定了11种类型的NoV重组体。扩增的聚合酶/衣壳区跨越的ORF 1/2交界处和系统发育分析证实了每种重组类型。SimPlot和最大x2分析表明，所有重组子在ORF 1/2连接区均存在断裂点（P < 0.05）。大多数（9/11）是基因型间重组体，但两个基因型内GII. 4重组体的特点。三种组合代表新的重组体，即GII.P未分配（NA）/GII. 3、GII. P4 New Orleans 2009/GII. 4 NA和GII. P16/GII. 17。鉴定了几种广泛报道的重组体，包括GII. P21/GII. 2、GII. P21/GII. 3、GII.Pe/GII. 4 Sydney 2012和GII.Pg/GII. 12。鉴定的其他重组体是GII.Pg/GII.1、GII.Pe/GII.4 Osaka 2007、GII.P4 New Orleans 2009/GII.4 Sydney 2012、GII.P7/GII.6。到目前为止，这些重组类型都有报道限制的地理分布。这是GII.P4 New Orleans 2009/GII.4 Sydney 2012重组在非洲的第一份报告。在过去的四年中，非常多样化的NoV重组体已经在SA中循环。流行性菌株，如GII.Pe/GII.4 Sydney 2012重组体与新型和新兴重组菌株共同传播。基于聚合酶和captain的组合NoV基因分型对于确定这些病毒的真实多样性和全球流行率至关重要。
Noroviruses (NoV) are the leading cause of viral gastroenteritis worldwide. Recombination frequently occurs within and between NoV genotypes and recombinants have been implicated in sporadic cases, outbreaks and pandemics of NoV. There is a lack of data on NoV recombinants in Africa and therefore their presence and diversity was investigated in South Africa (SA). Between 2010 and 2013, eleven types of NoV recombinants were identified in SA. Amplification of the polymerase/capsid region spanning the ORF1/2 junction and phylogenetic analysis confirmed each of the recombinant types. SimPlot and maximum x2 analysis indicated that all recombinants had a breakpoint in the region of the ORF1/2 junction (P < 0.05). The majority (9/11) were intergenotype recombinants, but two intragenotype GII.4 recombinants were characterised. Three combinations represent novel recombinants namely GII.P not assigned (NA)/GII.3, GII.P4 New Orleans 2009/GII.4 NA and GII.P16/GII.17. Several widely reported recombinants were identified and included GII.P21/GII.2, GII.P21/GII.3, GII.Pe/GII.4 Sydney 2012, and GII.Pg/GII.12. Other recombinants that were identified were GII.Pg/GII.1, GII.Pe/GII.4 Osaka 2007, GII.P4 New Orleans 2009/GII.4 Sydney 2012, GII.P7/GII.6. To date these recombinant types all have a reportedly restricted geographic distribution. This is the first report of the GII.P4 New Orleans 2009/GII.4 Sydney 2012 recombinant in Africa. Over the past four years, remarkably diverse NoV recombinants have been circulating in SA. Pandemic strains such as the GII.Pe/GII.4 Sydney 2012 recombinant co-circulated with novel and emerging recombinant strains. Combined polymerase- and capsid-based NoV genotyping is essential to determine the true diversity and global prevalence of these viruses.