An emerging view of scientific collaboration: Scientists' perspectives on collaboration and factors that impact collaboration
An emerging view of scientific collaboration: Scientists' perspectives on collaboration and factors that impact collaboration
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DOI：
10.1002/asi.10291
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发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sonnenwald, DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hara, N;Solomon, P;Sonnenwald, DH
协作往往是科学研究的一个关键方面，科学研究以复杂的问题、快速变化的技术、知识的动态增长和高度专业化的专业领域为主导。单个科学家很少能够提供解决复杂研究问题所需的所有专业知识和资源。本文描述了一组科学家之间的合作，并考虑了他们的经历如何被社会塑造。这些科学家是新成立的分布式多学科学术研究中心的成员，该中心分为四个多学科研究小组。每个小组有 14 至 34 名成员，包括教师、博士后研究员和学生，来自四所地理位置分散的大学。为了调查建立科学合作中出现的挑战，收集了有关成员以前和当前的合作经验、对合作的看法以及中心运营第一年的工作实践的数据。该研究的数据包括对该中心成员的采访、对视频会议和会议的观察以及整个中心的社会计量调查。数据分析导致了一个框架的发展，该框架确定了科学家之间出现的合作形式（例如互补和综合合作）以及影响合作的相关因素，包括个人兼容性、工作联系、激励措施和基础设施。这些结果可以为社会和组织实践的规范提供信息，这是在分布式、多学科研究中心建立协作所需要的。
Collaboration is often a critical aspect of scientific research, which is dominated by complex problems, rapidly changing technology, dynamic growth of knowledge, and highly specialized areas of expertise. An individual scientist can seldom provide all of the expertise and resources necessary to address complex research problems. This paper describes collaboration among a group of scientists, and considers how their experiences are socially shaped. The scientists were members of a newly formed distributed, multi-disciplinary academic research center that was organized into four multi-disciplinary research groups. Each group had 14 to 34 members, including faculty, postdoctoral fellows and students, at four geographically dispersed universities. To investigate challenges that emerge in establishing scientific collaboration, data were collected about members' previous and current collaborative experiences, perceptions regarding collaboration, and work practices during the center's first year of operation. The data for the study includes interviews with members of the center, observations of videoconferences and meetings, and a center-wide sociometric survey. Data analysis has led to the development of a framework that identifies forms of collaboration that emerged among scientists (e.g., complementary and integrative collaboration) and associated factors, which influenced collaboration including personal compatibility, work connections, incentives, and infrastructure. These results may inform the specification of social and organizational practices, which are needed to establish collaboration in distributed, multi-disciplinary research centers.