Solitons and vortices in an evolving Bose-Einstein condensate
Solitons and vortices in an evolving Bose-Einstein condensate
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.77.035602
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发表时间：
2008-03
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Shi-jie Yang;Quansheng Wu;S. Feng;Yuchuan Wen;Yue Yu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shi-jie Yang;Quansheng Wu;S. Feng;Yuchuan Wen;Yue Yu
通过数值积分含时Gross-Pitaevskii方程，研究了受限玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的时空演化。相继膨胀和反射的非线性物质波之间的自干涉导致螺旋原子密度分布，从而退化为嵌入结构：内部保存初始状态的记忆，而外部形成一系列项链状环。相图显示了一系列离散的同心带。相邻带之间的大梯度表明环密度凹口是暗孤子。在动力学过程中，涡旋-反涡对自发产生并湮灭，而总涡度保持不变。
Spatiotemporal evolution of a confined Bose-Einstein condensate is studied by numerically integrating the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Self-interference between the successively expanding and reflecting nonlinear matter waves results in spiral atomic density profile, which subsequently degenerates into an embedding structure: The inner part preserves memory of the initial states while the outer part forms a sequence of necklacelike rings. The phase plot reveals a series of discrete concentric belts. The large gradients between adjacent belts indicate that the ring density notches are dark solitons. In the dynamical process, a scenario of vortex-antivortex pairs are spontaneously created and annihilated, whereas the total vorticity keeps invariant.