Revisiting Street Intersections Using Slot-Based Systems.
Revisiting Street Intersections Using Slot-Based Systems.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0149607
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ratti C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tachet R;Santi P;Sobolevsky S;Reyes-Castro LI;Frazzoli E;Helbing D;Ratti C
自世纪末出现以来，交通信号灯一直是道路交叉口通行的主要方式。今天，这项有着数百年历史的技术受到智能交通进步的挑战，这为基于时隙系统的新解决方案开辟了道路，类似于空中交通中常用的系统：我们称之为基于时隙的交叉口（SI）。尽管基于模拟的证据表明了SI的潜在好处，但仍然缺乏一个全面的分析框架来比较它们与交通信号灯的相对性能。在这里，我们开发了这样一个框架。我们的做法在一个新的方式，通过推广经典排队论的问题。在定义了安全条件后，我们描述了SI的容量和延迟。在2路交叉口配置中，我们提供了容量最佳的SI管理系统。对于任意的交叉配置，近最优的解决方案。理论上的结果表明，从交通灯系统过渡到SI有可能使容量增加一倍，并显着减少延误。这表明减少了由交叉口瓶颈引起的非线性动力学，对道路网络产生了积极影响。这些发现可以为交通工程师和规划师提供重要的见解，因为他们准备管理向城市更智能交通基础设施的过渡。
Since their appearance at the end of the 19th century, traffic lights have been the primary mode of granting access to road intersections. Today, this centuries-old technology is challenged by advances in intelligent transportation, which are opening the way to new solutions built upon slot-based systems similar to those commonly used in aerial traffic: what we call Slot-based Intersections (SIs). Despite simulation-based evidence of the potential benefits of SIs, a comprehensive, analytical framework to compare their relative performance with traffic lights is still lacking. Here, we develop such a framework. We approach the problem in a novel way, by generalizing classical queuing theory. Having defined safety conditions, we characterize capacity and delay of SIs. In the 2-road crossing configuration, we provide a capacity-optimal SI management system. For arbitrary intersection configurations, near-optimal solutions are developed. Results theoretically show that transitioning from a traffic light system to SI has the potential of doubling capacity and significantly reducing delays. This suggests a reduction of non-linear dynamics induced by intersection bottlenecks, with positive impact on the road network. Such findings can provide transportation engineers and planners with crucial insights as they prepare to manage the transition towards a more intelligent transportation infrastructure in cities.