Seeding ecological restoration of tropical forests: Priority setting under REDD+
Seeding ecological restoration of tropical forests: Priority setting under REDD+
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热带森林的播种生态恢复：REDD下的优先事项设定
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2012.03.016
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
C. Kettle
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Kettle
热带森林砍伐仍然是生物多样性丧失的主要驱动因素，也是气候变化的一个重要因素。越来越多依靠森林为生的农村贫困人口依靠退化的森林维持生计。热带森林的生态恢复不仅有可能有助于保护生物多样性和缓解气候变化，而且还可以减轻贫困。REDD+为支持发展中国家热带森林的生态恢复提供了一个潜在的强有力的机制。关于何时以及如何执行森林恢复活动的决定，将需要详细了解特定区域的生态和社会经济背景。本文主要讨论了热带乔木种子相关的三个生态特性，它们限制了退化次生林的自然更新或废弃地的恢复。这些因素也可能对通过直播和种植进行恢复造成重大制约。对367篇文献进行了全面的综述，以评估主要热带用材树科的主干物候、种子储存和种子传播距离。综合这些信息是为了确定这些与种子有关的特征对热带森林生态恢复及其纳入REDD+框架的影响。物候监测、有针对性的苗圃能力建设，重点放在顽固和受威胁的木材物种上，在农业基质中推广树木，以及保护残留的树木，都是重要的考虑因素。我们对异质景观中种子传播的理解存在很大差距，如果我们要为人类主导的景观制定可持续的恢复战略，就必须解决这个问题。
Tropical deforestation continues to be the major driver of biodiversity loss and a considerable contributor to climate change. Increasing numbers of forest-dependent rural poor rely on degraded forest for their livelihoods. Ecological restoration of tropical forests has the potential to not only contribute to biodiversity conservation and climate mitigation, but also poverty alleviation. REDD+ provides a potentially powerful mechanism for supporting ecological restoration of tropical forests in developing countries. Decisions on when and how forest restoration activities should be implemented will require a detailed understanding of the ecological and socioeconomic context of the particular region. This paper focuses on three seed-related ecological traits of tropical trees which limit the likelihood of natural regeneration of degraded secondary forest or the recovery of abandoned agricultural land. These factors may also provide significant constraints to restoration through direct seeding and planting. A comprehensive review of 367 papers was conducted to evaluate masting phenology, seed storage and seed dispersal distances across important tropical timber tree families. This information is synthesised to identify the implications of these seed-related traits for ecological restoration of tropical forests and its integration into the REDD+ framework. Phenological monitoring, targeted nursery capacity building with a focus on recalcitrant and threatened timber species, the promotion of trees within the agricultural matrix, and conservation of remnant trees, are all important considerations. There is a major gap in our understanding of seed dispersal in heterogeneous landscapes, which must be addressed if we are to develop sustainable strategies for restoration in human dominated landscapes.