A Simple Operating Strategy of Small-Scale Battery Energy Storages for Energy Arbitrage under Dynamic Pricing Tariffs
A Simple Operating Strategy of Small-Scale Battery Energy Storages for Energy Arbitrage under Dynamic Pricing Tariffs
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DOI：
10.3390/en9010012
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发表时间：
2015-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
E. Telaretti;M. Ippolito;L. Dusonchet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Telaretti;M. Ippolito;L. Dusonchet
价格套利涉及利用电价差，在低价时期储存电力，并在高价时期将其卖回电网。在动态定价方案（例如每小时电价）存在的情况下，客户可以利用该策略，其中客户电力成本可以在一天中的任何时间变化，并且可以利用价格差异以更灵活和经济的方式管理电力消耗。客户可以安装存储系统，而不是修改他们的能源消耗，以减少他们的电费，将能源消耗从高峰时间转移到非高峰时间。本文提出了一个详细的存储模型，结合技术，经济和电力市场参数。建议的经营策略的目的是最大限度地提高利润的存储所有者（电力客户）在简化的假设下，通过确定最佳的充电/放电时间表。该模型可以应用于几种存储，虽然模拟涉及三种电池：铅酸，锂离子（Li-ion）和钠硫（NaS）电池。与文献综述不同，通常需要对最终用户的负载分布进行估计，所提出的操作策略能够正确识别电池充电时间表，仅依赖于每小时的价格分布，而不管特定设施的消耗，这要归功于电池的大小和操作中的一些简化假设。当由于负载预测中固有的不确定性而不能以足够的可靠性调度客户负载分布时，这可能特别有用。这项研究背后的动机是，存储设备可以帮助降低平均电价，提高灵活性并促进可再生能源融入电力系统。
Price arbitrage involves taking advantage of an electricity price difference, storing electricity during low-prices times, and selling it back to the grid during high-prices periods. This strategy can be exploited by customers in presence of dynamic pricing schemes, such as hourly electricity prices, where the customer electricity cost may vary at any hour of day, and power consumption can be managed in a more flexible and economical manner, taking advantage of the price differential. Instead of modifying their energy consumption, customers can install storage systems to reduce their electricity bill, shifting the energy consumption from on-peak to off-peak hours. This paper develops a detailed storage model linking together technical, economic and electricity market parameters. The proposed operating strategy aims to maximize the profit of the storage owner (electricity customer) under simplifying assumptions, by determining the optimal charge/discharge schedule. The model can be applied to several kinds of storages, although the simulations refer to three kinds of batteries: lead-acid, lithium-ion (Li-ion) and sodium-sulfur (NaS) batteries. Unlike literature reviews, often requiring an estimate of the end-user load profile, the proposed operation strategy is able to properly identify the battery-charging schedule, relying only on the hourly price profile, regardless of the specific facility’s consumption, thanks to some simplifying assumptions in the sizing and the operation of the battery. This could be particularly useful when the customer load profile cannot be scheduled with sufficient reliability, because of the uncertainty inherent in load forecasting. The motivation behind this research is that storage devices can help to lower the average electricity prices, increasing flexibility and fostering the integration of renewable sources into the power system.