Employing airborne lidar and archaeological testing to determine the role of small depressions in water management at the ancient Maya site of Yaxnohcah, Campeche, Mexico

Employing airborne lidar and archaeological testing to determine the role of small depressions in water management at the ancient Maya site of Yaxnohcah, Campeche, Mexico
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采用机载激光雷达和考古测试来确定墨西哥坎佩切州亚克斯诺卡古玛雅遗址的小型凹陷在水管理中的作用

DOI:
10.1016/j.jasrep.2017.03.044
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发表时间:
2017
期刊:
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Reese-Taylor, Kathryn
Reese-Taylor, Kathryn
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brewer, Jeffrey L;Carr, Christopher;Dunning, Nicholas P.;Walker, Debra S.;Anaya Hernández, Armando;Peuramaki-Brown, Meaghan;Reese-Taylor, Kathryn

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高分辨率机载激光雷达已在玛雅低地用于检查景观变化、检测建筑特征以及加快和扩展传统的定居点调查。激光雷达的另一个潜在有益且迄今为止尚未充分利用的应用是分析水管理特征,例如小型水库和家庭储水箱。亚克斯诺卡市中心位于尤卡坦半岛的中央喀斯特高地内,为研究这个重要的玛雅社区的居民如何在家庭规模上管理季节性稀缺的水资源提供了一个理想的测试案例。我们采用综合方法,将基于激光雷达的 24 平方公里场地区域的 GIS 分析、地面验证和五个小洼地的挖掘数据相结合,以确定它们的功能以及它们在水管理活动中可能发挥的作用。我们的研究表明,一些(但不是全部)靠近住宅结构的小洼地起到了天然或人造储罐的作用,并且可能是该地区中古前古典时期到古典时期城市化扩张的适应性组成部分。因此,虽然激光雷达彻底改变了景观中地形特征和水文模式的识别,但仍然需要结合地面验证和考古测试来确认和评估这些特征作为潜在的水库。
High-resolution airborne lidar has been employed in the Maya lowlands to examine landscape modifications, detect architectural features, and expedite and expand upon traditional settlement surveys. Another potentially beneficial—and to-date underutilized—application of lidar is in the analysis of water management features such as small reservoirs and household storage tanks. The urban center of Yaxnohcah, located within the Central Karstic Uplands of the Yucatan Peninsula, provides an ideal test case for studying how the residents of this important Maya community managed their seasonally scarce water resources at the household scale. We employ an integrative approach combining lidar-based GIS analysis of 24 km2of the site area, ground verification, and excavation data from five small depressions to determine their function and the role they may have played in water management activities. Our research shows that some, but not all, small depressions proximate to residential structures functioned as either natural or human-made storage tanks and were likely an adaptive component of expanding Middle Preclassic to Classic period urbanization at the site. Thus, while lidar has revolutionized the identification of topographical features and hydrologic patterns in the landscape, a combination of ground verification and archaeological testing remains necessary to confirm and evaluate these features as potential water reservoirs.
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