Different populations and sources of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC): A comparison of adult and neonatal tissue-derived MSC.
Different populations and sources of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC): A comparison of adult and neonatal tissue-derived MSC.
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DOI：
10.1186/1478-811x-9-12
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发表时间：
2011-05-14
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jacobs R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hass R;Kasper C;Böhm S;Jacobs R
间充质基质包含着一类重要的细胞群体，这些细胞具有干细胞样特性，包括自我更新和分化能力，并且可来源于多种不同的来源。这些多能间充质干细胞（MSC）几乎存在于所有组织中，且大多位于血管周围的微环境中。MSC具有迁移能力，能够分泌保护因子，并在炎症、组织损伤和某些癌症期间作为组织再生的主要基质。
这些功能是MSC重要生理作用的基础，并凸显了来自不同组织的特定细胞群体在临床应用方面的巨大潜力。因此，在这篇小综述中，对来自不同成人组织（脂肪组织、外周血、骨髓）和新生儿组织（胎盘和脐带的特定部位）的MSC就其细胞生物学特性、表面标志物表达和增殖能力进行了比较。此外，还强调了MSC的若干功能，包括在多种谱系中的体外和体内分化能力以及免疫调节特性。细胞外环境的差异，例如相互作用的邻近细胞群体的存在、蛋白酶暴露或缺氧微环境，会影响来自不同组织的MSC群体的功能发展，而细胞内条件，例如某些微小RNA的表达水平，也会额外地平衡MSC的功能和命运。
The mesenchymal stroma harbors an important population of cells that possess stem cell-like characteristics including self renewal and differentiation capacities and can be derived from a variety of different sources. These multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be found in nearly all tissues and are mostly located in perivascular niches. MSC have migratory abilities and can secrete protective factors and act as a primary matrix for tissue regeneration during inflammation, tissue injuries and certain cancers. These functions underlie the important physiological roles of MSC and underscore a significant potential for the clinical use of distinct populations from the various tissues. MSC derived from different adult (adipose tissue, peripheral blood, bone marrow) and neonatal tissues (particular parts of the placenta and umbilical cord) are therefore compared in this mini-review with respect to their cell biological properties, surface marker expression and proliferative capacities. In addition, several MSC functions including in vitro and in vivo differentiation capacities within a variety of lineages and immune-modulatory properties are highlighted. Differences in the extracellular milieu such as the presence of interacting neighbouring cell populations, exposure to proteases or a hypoxic microenvironment contribute to functional developments within MSC populations originating from different tissues, and intracellular conditions such as the expression levels of certain micro RNAs can additionally balance MSC function and fate.