[The "Fight over the Protein Minimum". The conflict between scientific nutrition teaching and food reform in 19th and 20th century Germany].
[The "Fight over the Protein Minimum". The conflict between scientific nutrition teaching and food reform in 19th and 20th century Germany].
复制标题
[“蛋白质最低限度之战”。
DOI：
10.1055/s-2007-1012767
复制
发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
U. Heyll
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
U. Heyll
1877年，德国生理学家和营养学家卡尔·冯·沃伊特（Carl von Voit）发表了饮食参数，其中包括碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的最低摄入量。作为蛋白质的最低日摄入量Voit达到了118克的数字。这一数字主要受到所谓食品改革支持者的质疑，因为如果不大量食用肉类，所需的蛋白质摄入量几乎是不可能的。为了反驳这种说法，并表明素食主义者的生活方式是合理的，改革者如Mikkel Hindhede和Carl Röse进行了实验，证明长期坚持每日蛋白质摄入量低于30 g的饮食是可能的，而不会导致负蛋白质平衡。然而，只是在第一次世界大战的饥荒之后，饮食改革者的概念才引起了更大的兴趣。由于他们承诺更好地从进口独立供应粮食，1933年后的国家社会主义政权使其成为旨在自给自足的新粮食政策的中心。因此，“蛋白质最低限度”的历史提供了在经济要求、道德考虑和流行传统的限制下营养研究的效果和局限性的见解。
In 1877 the German physiologist and nutritionist Carl von Voit published diet parameters which included minimum intakes of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. As a minimum daily intake of protein Voit arrived at a figure of 118 g. This figure was questioned mainly by supporters of the so-called food reform, because the required protein intake would hardly be feasible without substantial meat consumption. To disprove this claim and to show that the vegetarian way of life was justified, reformers such as Mikkel Hindhede and Carl Röse conducted experiments demonstrating that the long-term adherence to diets with a daily protein intake of less than 30 g was possible without causing a negative protein balance. It was, however, only after the famines of the First World War that the concepts of the diet reformers met with greater interest. As they promised a better, from imports independent supply of food, the national socialist regime after 1933 made it the centre of a new food policy that aimed at autarky. Thus, the history of the "protein minimum" provides insights into effects and limits of nutrition research under the restrictions of economic requirements, moral considerations and prevailing traditions.