High-resolution shear-wave seismics across the Carlsberg Fault zone south of Copenhagen - Implications for linking Mesozoic and late Pleistocene structures

High-resolution shear-wave seismics across the Carlsberg Fault zone south of Copenhagen - Implications for linking Mesozoic and late Pleistocene structures
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哥本哈根以南卡尔斯伯格断层带的高分辨率剪切波地震 - 连接中生代和晚更新世结构的启示

DOI:
10.1016/j.tecto.2016.05.043
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Nielsen
Nielsen
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kammann;Hübscher;Boldreel;Nielsen

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嘉士伯断层带(CFZ)是一个NNW-SSE走向的构造,靠近丹麦盆地和波罗的海地盾之间的过渡带。结合陆上超高分辨率横波地震资料、陆上常规地震剖面和海上反射地震剖面,研究了断裂的演化过程。断裂几何学表明,在中欧盆地系统的三叠纪沉降和裂谷的强烈影响。霍尔维肯地堑周围的CFZ内的生长地层揭示了下三叠统的同构造沉积作用,表明开口是三叠纪裂谷作用的结果。在晚白垩世生长断层的文件继续裂谷。这些发现对比了晚白垩世和邻近构造(如托恩奎斯特带)的古近纪反转构造。利用高分辨率横波地震方法对该断裂带内第四系和大年层的断裂活动进行了成像。便携式紧凑型可控震源ElViS III S8用于采集哥本哈根以南Amager岛上的1150 m长的地震剖面。调查区浅层地下以第四系冰碛物沉积为主,上部5-11 m,下部为大年灰岩。在剪切波剖面中,我们对CFZ西部的最高30 m进行了成像。复杂断裂带由正断块断裂和一条逆断块断裂组成。所观察到的断层穿过了大年和第四纪覆盖层。因此,有强烈的迹象表明正在进行的断层,如第四纪沉积物中的断层和CFZ东部区块的持续沉降,如其他作者所解释的。断层带没有地震,这意味着地震发生的频率太小,无法在观测时间跨度内记录下来,或者浅层次表层的运动可能是由于其他来源而不是纯粹的构造过程。
The Carlsberg Fault zone (CFZ) is a NNW-SSE striking structure close to the transition zone between the Danish Basin and the Baltic Shield. We examine the fault evolution by combining very-high-resolution onshore shear-wave seismic data, one conventional onshore seismic profile and marine reflection seismic profiles. The faulting geometry indicates a strong influence of Triassic subsidence and rifting in the Central European Basin System. Growth strata within the CFZ surrounding Höllviken Graben reveal syntectonic sedimentation in the Lower Triassic, indicating the opening to be a result of Triassic rifting. In the Upper Cretaceous growth faulting documents continued rifting. These findings contrast the Late Cretaceous to Paleogene inversion tectonics in neighboring structures, such as the Tornquist Zone. The high-resolution shear-wave seismic method was used to image faulting in Quaternary and Danian layers in the CFZ. The portable compact vibrator source ElViS III S8 was used to acquire a 1150 m long seismic section on the island Amager, south of Copenhagen. The shallow subsurface in the investigation area is dominated by Quaternary glacial till deposits in the upper 5–11 m and Danian limestone below. In the shear-wave profile, we imaged the uppermost 30 m of the western part of CFZ. The complex fault zone comprises normal block faults and one reverse block fault. The observed faults cut through the Danian as well as the Quaternary overburden. Hence, there are strong indicators for ongoing faulting, like mapped faulting in Quaternary sediments and ongoing subsidence of the eastern block of the CFZ as interpreted by other authors. The lack of earthquakes localized in the fault zone implies that either the frequency of occurring earthquakes is too small to be recorded in the observation time-span, or that the movement of the shallow sub-surface layers may be due to other sources than purely tectonic processes.
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