Distrust As a Disease Avoidance Strategy: Individual Differences in Disgust Sensitivity Regulate Generalized Social Trust.
Distrust As a Disease Avoidance Strategy: Individual Differences in Disgust Sensitivity Regulate Generalized Social Trust.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01038
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Petersen MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aarøe L;Osmundsen M;Petersen MB
纵观人类进化史，与他人的合作接触一直是人类生存的基础。与此同时，社会交往也成为威胁的来源。在这篇文章中，我们关注一个特定的可行威胁，传染病，并调查动机如何避免病原体影响人们与他人互动和合作的倾向，作为衡量个体差异在广义社会信任。虽然现有的关于病原体回避的研究认为，这种动机应该促使人们避免与外部群体的互动，但我们认为，这些动机应该促使人们更广泛地回避他人。在经验上，我们利用两个方便样本和一个具有全国代表性的美国公民样本来证明，病原体厌恶敏感性的个体差异对广义社会信任的影响是稳健的、可复制的。我们进一步比较了病原体厌恶敏感性对广义社会信任和外群体偏见的影响，并探讨广义社会信任是否在一定程度上构成了病原体回避动机与偏见之间的途径。
Throughout human evolutionary history, cooperative contact with others has been fundamental for human survival. At the same time, social contact has been a source of threats. In this article, we focus on one particular viable threat, communicable disease, and investigate how motivations to avoid pathogens influence people's propensity to interact and cooperate with others, as measured by individual differences in generalized social trust. While extant studies on pathogen avoidance have argued that such motivations should prompt people to avoid interactions with outgroups specifically, we argue that these motivations should prompt people to avoid others more broadly. Empirically, we utilize two convenience samples and a large nationally representative sample of US citizens to demonstrate the existence of a robust and replicable effect of individual differences in pathogen disgust sensitivity on generalized social trust. We furthermore compare the effects of pathogen disgust sensitivity on generalized social trust and outgroup prejudice and explore whether generalized social trust to some extent constitutes a pathway between pathogen avoidance motivations and prejudice.