Food Portion Patterns and Trends among U.S. Children and the Relationship to Total Eating Occasion Size, 1977-2006
Food Portion Patterns and Trends among U.S. Children and the Relationship to Total Eating Occasion Size, 1977-2006
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.111.138727
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Popkin, Barry M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Piernas, Carmen;Popkin, Barry M.
食物和饮料的份量与儿童肥胖有关。我们研究了美国儿童食物份量的趋势以及与总膳食量的关系。我们从 1977 年至 1978 年和 2003 年至 2006 年期间进行的 4 次全国代表性食物摄入量调查中选择了 2 至 18 岁儿童（n = 31,337）。我们评估了选定的主要食物（软/水果饮料、咸味零食、甜点、炸薯条、汉堡、披萨、墨西哥快餐和热狗）的份量（千卡和克）、包含主要食物的饮食场合的总能量，以及按来源（商店、餐馆和快餐店）选定的主要食物的份量。 2003-2006 年，这些食物占儿童能量摄入量的三分之一以上。 30 年来，份量显着增加，披萨的增加在过去 10 年尤其明显 [+176 kcal (736 kJ)。来自披萨和软饮料等饮食场合的能量增加，这些食物在饮食场合中的能量比例也增加了。汉堡包和芝士汉堡的份量和进食次数有所增加，但这些食物占总进食次数的比例并没有增加。其他主要食物的份量有所增加，尽管包含这些食物的饮食活动产生的总能量保持不变（例如墨西哥快餐、炸薯条、果汁饮料）或减少（例如咸味零食、甜点）。所有食品来源（商店、餐馆和快餐店）软饮料和披萨的份量都增加了，但只有快餐店的炸薯条份量有所增加。特定食物的份量继续增加。快餐连锁店似乎与某些食品的不健康的份量增加有关。 J.努特尔。 141：1159-1164，2011 年。
Food and beverage portion sizes are related to childhood obesity. We examined trends in food portion sizes and the association with total meal sizes among U.S. children. We selected children 2- to 18-y-old (n = 31,337) from 4 nationally representative surveys of food intake between 1977-1978 and 2003-2006. We assessed portion sizes (kcal and g) of selected key foods (soft/fruit drinks, salty snacks, desserts, French fries, burgers, pizzas, Mexican fast foods, and hot dogs), the total energy from eating occasions that included key foods, and portion sizes of the selected key foods by source (stores, restaurants, and fast-food locations). These foods represented over one-third of children's energy intake in 2003-2006. Portion sizes increased significantly over the 30-y period and increases in pizza were particularly pronounced in the last decade [+176 kcal (736 kJ). Energy from eating occasions including pizzas and soft drinks increased, as did the proportion of energy from these foods in an eating occasion. Hamburgers and cheeseburgers increased in portion size and eating occasion size, but the proportion of these foods in the total eating occasions did not increase. Portion sizes of other key foods increased, although the total energy from eating events that included them remained constant (e.g. Mexican fast-foods, French fries, fruit drinks) or decreased (e.g. salty snacks, desserts). Portion sizes increased across all food sources (stores, restaurants, and fast foods) for soft drinks and pizzas but only at fast-food locations for French fries. Portion sizes continue to grow for selected foods. Fast-food chains appear to be linked with less healthful portion size increases for selected foods. J. Nutr. 141: 1159-1164, 2011.