An introduction to the mitochondrial anion carrier family
An introduction to the mitochondrial anion carrier family
复制标题
线粒体阴离子载体家族简介
DOI：
10.1007/bf01108400
复制
发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
P. Pedersen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Pedersen
There are three major classes of proteins that comprise the mitochondrial inner membrane. These include the electron transport chain complexes and the ATP synthase complex which are responsible for oxidative phosphorylation, and the mitochondrial anion carriers. Previous volumes of this journal have featured minireview series on the electron transport chain complexes (Vol. 25, Nos. 2, 3, and 4) and the ATP synthase complexes (Vol. 24, No. 5). Therefore, the series featured here will focus exclusively on the mitochondrial anion carriers.(For excellent reviews that summarize the importance of mitochondrial carriers and their early history, see Refs. 1-4, and for more recent reviews, see Refs. 5-8.) There are at least nine anion carrier proteins located in the mitochondrial inner membrane (Fig. 1). In intact mitochondria the ADP/ATP carrier (AAC) and the phosphate carrier (PIC) are absolutely essential for the process of oxidative phosphorylation that generates most of the cellular ATP. The remaining anion carriers frequently play a dual role, participating in two or more metabolic processes. 7'8 Thus, the pyruvate carrier (PYC) supplies pyruvate to the mitochondrial matrix during the catabolic phase of cell metabolism to fuel the citric acid cycle, and during the anabolic phase to initiate glucose synthesis. The aspartate/glutamate carrier (AGC) and the oxoglutarate carrier (OGC) play a vital role in glucose catabolism in cytosolicmitochondrial shuttle systems responsible for regenerating NAD+ for glycolysis. They also participate in glucose synthesis and in nitrogen metabolism. The dicarboxylate carrier (DIC) is best known for its role. in glucose synthesis but also participates in urea synthesis, whereas the citrate carrier (CIC)-plays an essential role in fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis. The
