The emergence of systematic argument distinctions in artificial sign languages

The emergence of systematic argument distinctions in artificial sign languages
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人工手语中系统论证区别的出现

DOI:
10.1093/jole/lzab002
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Motamedi Y
Motamedi Y
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Motamedi Y

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语序是语言指示谓词及其参数之间关系的一个关键属性。然而,除了语序之外,手语还使用许多其他特定于情态的工具,例如空间一致(被比作口语中的口头一致)和角色转换(签名者具有命题代理人的特征)。特别是,来自新兴手语的数据表明,尽管传统语序的一些使用可以在几代人内出现,但系统的空间调制作为语法特征需要时间来发展。我们通过实验研究了系统的论点标记的出现,超越了词序,研究了人工手势系统如何在实验室中的几代参与者中演变。我们发现,参与者收敛于不同的策略,以消除歧义的条款参数,这变得更加一致,通过使用和传输的手势,在某些情况下,这会导致常规化的标志性空间对比,在自然手语中发现的。我们将讨论我们的研究结果如何与围绕空间协议和角色转换的分析,在既定的和新出现的手语,其演变背后的可能机制的理论问题。
Word order is a key property by which languages indicate the relationship between a predicate and its arguments. However, sign languages use a number of other modality-specific tools in addition to word order such as spatial agreement, which has been likened to verbal agreement in spoken languages, and role shift, where the signer takes on characteristics of propositional agents. In particular, data from emerging sign languages suggest that, though some use of a conventional word order can appear within a few generations, systematic spatial modulation as a grammatical feature takes time to develop. We experimentally examine the emergence of systematic argument marking beyond word order, investigating how artificial gestural systems evolve over generations of participants in the lab. We find that participants converge on different strategies to disambiguate clause arguments, which become more consistent through the use and transmission of gestures; in some cases, this leads to conventionalized iconic spatial contrasts, comparable to those found in natural sign languages. We discuss how our results connect with theoretical issues surrounding the analysis of spatial agreement and role shift in established and newly emerging sign languages, and the possible mechanisms behind its evolution.
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