Making Air Pollution Visible: A Tool for Promoting Environmental Health Literacy.
Making Air Pollution Visible: A Tool for Promoting Environmental Health Literacy.
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DOI：
10.2196/publichealth.7492
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发表时间：
2017-04-12
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Wong, Carolyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cleary, Ekaterina Galkina;Patton, Allison P;Wong, Carolyn
背景：数字地图在地理上传达有关环境危害的信息方面发挥着重要作用。对于外行来说，基于计算机的地图可以作为一种工具，促进人们了解与交通有关的无形空气污染和超细颗粒的环境卫生知识。这些污染物在主要道路附近的浓度较高，并日益与不利的健康影响联系在一起。交互式计算机地图提供可视化，允许用户建立一个社区中超细颗粒空间分布的心理模型，并了解在地理环境中暴露的风险。目的：本工作的目的是开发一种新的软件工具，适用于教育波士顿唐人街社区（美国马萨诸塞州波士顿）的成员关于交通相关空气污染的性质和潜在健康风险。这个工具，唐人街交通污染互动地图（以下简称“空气污染地图”），是一个原型，可以用于在一系列社会经济背景下教育社区成员。方法：在开源的Weave软件平台上构建教育可视化工具。我们将该工具设计为多模式和代际教育干预的核心，以了解与交通有关的空气污染的健康风险。我们使用先前发表的细分辨率（20米）每小时超细颗粒土地利用回归模型作为预测污染水平的算法，并将其应用于波士顿唐人街的一个社区。在设计地图时，我们咨询了社区专家，以帮助定制目标社区中流行的通信风格的用户界面。结果：该产品是一个地图，显示超细颗粒浓度平均跨越人口普查块使用从白色到暗红色的颜色渐变。互动功能允许用户探索和了解不断变化的气象条件和交通量如何影响超细颗粒浓度。用户还可以从多个地图层中进行选择，例如街道地图或卫星视图。地图图例和标签有中文和英文两种版本，方便熟练使用这两种语言的移民和居民使用。地图可以是基于Web的，也可以是基于桌面的。结论：空气污染地图包含了相关的语言和地标，使波士顿唐人街社区的成员能够获得有关超细颗粒的复杂科学信息。在未来的工作中，我们将在以代际学习和使用辅助多媒体演示为特征的教育干预中测试该地图。
BACKGROUND: Digital maps are instrumental in conveying information about environmental hazards geographically. For laypersons, computer-based maps can serve as tools to promote environmental health literacy about invisible traffic-related air pollution and ultrafine particles. Concentrations of these pollutants are higher near major roadways and increasingly linked to adverse health effects. Interactive computer maps provide visualizations that can allow users to build mental models of the spatial distribution of ultrafine particles in a community and learn about the risk of exposure in a geographic context.OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work was to develop a new software tool appropriate for educating members of the Boston Chinatown community (Boston, MA, USA) about the nature and potential health risks of traffic-related air pollution. The tool, the Interactive Map of Chinatown Traffic Pollution ("Air Pollution Map" hereafter), is a prototype that can be adapted for the purpose of educating community members across a range of socioeconomic contexts.METHODS: We built the educational visualization tool on the open source Weave software platform. We designed the tool as the centerpiece of a multimodal and intergenerational educational intervention about the health risk of traffic-related air pollution. We used a previously published fine resolution (20 m) hourly land-use regression model of ultrafine particles as the algorithm for predicting pollution levels and applied it to one neighborhood, Boston Chinatown. In designing the map, we consulted community experts to help customize the user interface to communication styles prevalent in the target community.RESULTS: The product is a map that displays ultrafine particulate concentrations averaged across census blocks using a color gradation from white to dark red. The interactive features allow users to explore and learn how changing meteorological conditions and traffic volume influence ultrafine particle concentrations. Users can also select from multiple map layers, such as a street map or satellite view. The map legends and labels are available in both Chinese and English, and are thus accessible to immigrants and residents with proficiency in either language. The map can be either Web or desktop based.CONCLUSIONS: The Air Pollution Map incorporates relevant language and landmarks to make complex scientific information about ultrafine particles accessible to members of the Boston Chinatown community. In future work, we will test the map in an educational intervention that features intergenerational colearning and the use of supplementary multimedia presentations.