Evaluation of motor learning in predictable loading task using a force sense presentation device
Evaluation of motor learning in predictable loading task using a force sense presentation device
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-022-06500-w
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发表时间：
2022-11-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Yoneda，Mitsugu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ota，Tetsuo;Kikuchi，Yui;Yoneda，Mitsugu
连接小脑和大脑皮层的神经回路对于运动和认知功能都很重要。因此，小脑功能的评估对于患有各种运动和认知功能障碍的患者具有重要的临床意义。已经使用各种任务研究了小脑依赖性运动学习。最广泛使用的任务是视觉运动适应任务，其中要求受试者在二维上进行运动。使用更简单的一维运动任务的研究表明，这些任务中的预期反应有助于评估小脑依赖性运动控制或运动学习，这些任务对于有运动问题的患者来说更容易执行。在这项研究中，我们研究了是否可以通过简单的加载任务来评估运动学习过程。使用人工现实空间接口设备（SPIDAR），在可预测的条件下向受试者的手部施加恒定的向下力，并记录手部的垂直运动。手从初始位置的偏转显示在屏幕上以获取视觉反馈信息。我们通过分析每次试验中加载前的小幅向上运动（预期反应）和加载后的大的向下运动，研究了重复加载任务训练（90 次）对手部运动的影响。我们发现，重复训练降低了向上运动的时间常数，并减少了向下运动的幅度和到达峰值的时间。这些训练效果一直维持到第二天。此外，我们发现闭眼加载任务训练也是有效的，这表明本体感觉信息足以提高表现。
Neural circuits connecting the cerebellum with the cerebral cortex are important for both motor and cognitive functions. Therefore, assessment of cerebellar function is clinically important for patients with various motor and cognitive dysfunctions. Cerebellum-dependent motor learning has been studied using various tasks. The most widely used tasks are visuomotor adaptation tasks, in which subjects are required to make movements in two dimensions. Studies using simpler tasks of one-dimensional movement, which are easier for patients with motor problems to perform, have suggested that anticipatory responses in these tasks are useful to evaluate cerebellum-dependent motor control or motor learning. In this study, we examined whether the motor learning process can be evaluated in a simple loading task. Using space interface device for artificial reality (SPIDAR), a constant downward force was loaded to subjects’ hands in a predictable condition, and the vertical movement of the hand was recorded. The hand deflection from the initial position was displayed on a screen for visual feedback information. We examined effects of repeated loading task training (90 times) on hand movements, by analyzing a small upward movement just before loading (anticipatory response) and a large downward movement after loading in each trial. We found that the repeated training lowered the time constant of upward movement and reduced the amplitude and time-to-peak of downward movement. These training effects were maintained into the next day. Furthermore, we found that loading task training with eyes closed was also effective, which indicates that proprioceptive information is enough for improvement of performance.