A scenario modelling approach to assess management impacts on soil erosion in coffee systems in Central America
A scenario modelling approach to assess management impacts on soil erosion in coffee systems in Central America
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DOI：
10.1016/j.catena.2023.107182
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发表时间：
2023-07
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
S. Cerretelli;Edwin Josue Castellanos;Sergio González-Mollinedo;E. Lopez;A. Ospina;J. Haggar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Cerretelli;Edwin Josue Castellanos;Sergio González-Mollinedo;E. Lopez;A. Ospina;J. Haggar
土壤侵蚀是全球土壤退化的主要原因之一，因为它导致土壤有机碳、养分和持水能力的枯竭。在中美洲，咖啡生产容易受到土壤侵蚀的影响，因为它经常位于年降水量高的陡坡上。为了评估控制侵蚀的管理办法，从分布在6个咖啡产区的90个哥斯达黎加和96个危地马拉咖啡种植园收集了土壤和植被实地数据，这些种植园主要是荫蔽的。利用RUSLE（修正通用土壤流失方程）将土壤和植被覆盖数据与遥感数据相结合，建立了土壤侵蚀模型。制定了管理方案，以评估两种主要的咖啡管理策略在减轻土壤侵蚀方面的作用：增加植被覆盖和土壤保持措施。哥斯达黎加和危地马拉种植园的平均估计侵蚀率分别为17和7毫克公顷- 1年- 1，其中咖啡种植园的侵蚀占其所在流域估计侵蚀的23%至40%。如果所有人工林的植被覆盖率达到最好的25%，哥斯达黎加和危地马拉的估计侵蚀将分别减少7%和8%。如果所有种植园都实施水土保持措施，哥斯达黎加和危地马拉的水土流失将分别减少11%和35%。采用这两种综合管理策略，预计哥斯达黎加和危地马拉的侵蚀量分别减少17%和40%。由于土壤保持或更好的植被覆盖而减少侵蚀的情况在各国各区域之间有所不同，这取决于当前的管理、当地气候和地形。这些结果显示了咖啡系统和土壤管理实践在减缓高原咖啡生产造成的侵蚀方面的重要性，以及RUSLE分析如何确定不同地区的优先实践，以支持更有效的减少土壤侵蚀政策。
Soil erosion is one of the major causes of soil degradation worldwide, because it causes the depletion of soil organic carbon, nutrients, and water holding capacity. In Central America, coffee production is vulnerable to soil erosion since it often occupies steep slopes with high annual precipitation. To assess management options to control erosion, soil and vegetation field data were collected from 90 Costa Rican and 96 Guatemalan coffee plantations, mainly shaded, distributed in six coffee production areas. Soil erosion was modelled using the RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation), integrating soil and vegetation cover field data, with remote sensing data. Management scenarios were developed to assess the role of two principal coffee management strategies in mitigating soil erosion: increasing vegetation cover, and soil conservation practices. Average estimated erosion rates of 17 and 7 Mg ha−1yr−1were predicted for plantations of Costa Rica and Guatemala, respectively, with erosion from coffee plantations representing between 23% and 40% of the estimated erosion of the watershed within which they were situated. If all plantations achieved vegetation cover equivalent to the best 25% of plantations, the estimated erosion would be reduced by 7% in Costa Rica and 8% in Guatemala. If all plantations implemented soil conservation practices, estimated erosion would be reduced by 11% in Costa Rica and 35% in Guatemala. With the two combined management strategies a reduction of estimated erosion of 17% and 40% was predicted in Costa Rica and Guatemala, respectively. The reduction in erosion from soil conservation or better vegetative cover varied among regions within countries depending on current management, local climate, and topography. These results show the importance of coffee system and soil management practices in moderating erosion from highland coffee production, and how RUSLE analyses can identify priority practices in different regions supporting more effective policies to reduce soil erosion.