Effects of increased response effort on self-injury and object manipulation as competing responses.
Effects of increased response effort on self-injury and object manipulation as competing responses.
复制标题
增加反应努力对自伤和物体操纵作为竞争反应的影响。
DOI：
10.1901/jaba.2000.33-29
复制
发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
B. Iwata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liming Zhou;G. A. Goff;B. Iwata
无标签
我们评估了 4 名患有严重发育障碍的人的反应努力干预对自伤性张口行为和竞争反应（物体操纵）发生的影响。在第一阶段，功能分析的结果表明，在没有社交突发事件的情况下，所有参与者都进行了高水平的嘴型行为，这表明这种行为是通过自动强化来维持的。在第二阶段，在评估过程中为参与者确定了首选的休闲项目，其中休闲项目操作的持续时间被用作偏好指数。在第三阶段，当参与者在基线期间可以自由使用他们最喜欢的休闲物品时，观察到他们会进行高水平的手口和不同程度的物体操作。然后在混合多基线和逆转设计中评估增加的反应努力对手嘴和物体操作的影响。反应-努力条件与基线相同，只是参与者穿着柔软、灵活的袖子，这增加了肘部弯曲的阻力，但仍然使参与者能够用手张嘴。结果显示，在所有参与者的反应努力条件下，SIB 持续减少，物体操作增加。这些结果表明，当对用手张嘴的反应努力增加时，不太优选的强化物（通过物体操作产生）可以替代更高度优选的强化物（通过手张嘴产生）。
描述符
自残行为、自动强化、强化物可替代性、反应努力
UNLABELLED
We evaluated the effects of a response-effort intervention on the occurrence of self-injurious hand mouthing and a competing response (object manipulation) with 4 individuals who had profound developmental disabilities. During Phase 1, results of functional analyses showed that all participants engaged in high levels of hand mouthing in the absence of social contingencies, suggesting that the behavior was maintained by automatic reinforcement. In Phase 2, preferred leisure items were identified for participants during assessments in which duration of leisure item manipulation was used as the index of preference. In Phase 3, participants were observed to engage in high levels of hand mouthing and in varying levels of object manipulation when they had free access to their most preferred leisure items during baseline. The effects of increased response effort on hand mouthing and object manipulation were then evaluated in mixed multiple baseline and reversal designs. The response-effort condition was identical to baseline, except that participants wore soft, flexible sleeves that increased resistance for elbow flexion but still enabled participants to engage in hand mouthing. Results showed consistent decreases in SIB and increases in object manipulation during the response-effort condition for all participants. These results suggested that a less preferred reinforcer (produced by object manipulation) may substitute for a more highly preferred reinforcer (produced by hand mouthing) when response effort for hand mouthing was increased.
DESCRIPTORS
self-injurious behavior, automatic reinforcement, reinforcer substitutability, response effort
逃避维持行为治疗期间积极强化和消极强化之间的选择。
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
DeLeon,IG;Neidert,PL;Anders,BM;Rodriguez-Catter,V
通讯作者：
Rodriguez-Catter,V