Trends and patterns of sexual behaviors among adolescents and adults aged 14 to 59 years, United States.
Trends and patterns of sexual behaviors among adolescents and adults aged 14 to 59 years, United States.
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DOI：
10.1097/olq.0000000000000231
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Markowitz LE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu G;Hariri S;Bradley H;Gottlieb SL;Leichliter JS;Markowitz LE
对性行为的评估对于更好地了解性传播感染及其后遗症的流行病学至关重要。国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）是一项正在进行的美国人口概率抽样调查。利用1999年至2012年的NHANES性行为数据，我们进行了以下研究：(1)对10岁出生队列中25至59岁成年人的趋势分析；(2)对14至24岁参与者的描述性分析。性被定义为阴道性交、肛交或口交。在25 - 59岁的成年人中，1940-1949年和1980-1989年期间，女性的中位性起始年龄从17.9岁降至16.2岁（p趋势< 0.001），男性的中位性起始年龄从17.1岁降至16.1岁（p趋势< 0.001）。在1940-1949年和1970-1979年的队列中，终生伴侣的中位数增加了，女性从2.6增加到5.3 (p趋势< 0.001)，男性从6.7增加到8.8 （p趋势< 0.001）。在1940-1949年和1970-1979年间，报告曾经有过同性伴侣的女性比例从5.2%增加到9.3% （p趋势< 0.001）。在14岁至24岁的参与者中，有过性行为的比例随着年龄的增长而增加，从14岁时女性的12.5%和男性的13.1%增加到19岁时的75%以上。在经历过性行为的14至19岁青少年中，45.2%的女性和55.0%的男性至少有3个终生伴侣；39.4%的女性和48.6%的男性在过去一年中至少有2个伴侣。20至24岁的女性中有过同性伴侣的比例为14.9%。从1999年到2012年，年龄在14-19岁或20-24岁的参与者报告有过性行为的比例在男性和女性中没有差异。性行为随着生育队列的更替而改变，女性的变化更为明显。相当大比例的青少年性活跃，并且有多个伴侣。这些数据加强了针对初次性行为之前的青少年开展性健康教育和预防性传播感染的现有建议。
Evaluation of sexual behaviors is essential to better understand the epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections and their sequelae. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) is an ongoing probability sample survey of the US population. Using NHANES sexual behavior data from 1999 to 2012, we performed the following: (1) trend analyses among adults aged 25 to 59 years by 10year birth cohorts and (2) descriptive analyses among participants aged 14 to 24 years. Sex was defined as vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Among adults aged 25 to 59 years, median age at sexual initiation decreased between the 1940–1949 and 1980–1989 cohorts from 17.9 to 16.2 among females (Ptrend < 0.001) and from 17.1 to 16.1 among males (Ptrend < 0.001). Median lifetime partners increased between the 1940–1949 and 1970–1979 cohorts, from 2.6 to 5.3 among females (Ptrend < 0.001) and from 6.7 to 8.8 among males (Ptrend < 0.001). The percentage of females reporting ever having a same-sex partner increased from 5.2% to 9.3% between the 1940–1949 and 1970–1979 cohorts (Ptrend < 0.001). Among participants aged 14 to 24 years, the percentage having had sex increased with age, from 12.5% among females and 13.1% among males at age 14 years to more than 75% at age 19 years for both sexes. Among sexually experienced 14- to 19-year-olds, 45.2% of females and 55.0% of males had at least 3 lifetime partners; 39.4% of females and 48.6% of males had at least 2 partners in the past year. The proportion of females aged 20 to 24 years who reported ever having a same-sex partner was 14.9%. The proportion of participants aged 14–19 or 20–24 years reporting ever having sex did not differ by survey year from 1999 to 2012 for either males or females. Sexual behaviors changed with successive birth cohorts, with more pronounced changes among females. A substantial proportion of adolescents are sexually active and have multiple partners. These data reinforce existing recommendations for sexual health education and sexually transmitted infection prevention targeting adolescents before sexual debut.