nPlug: An Autonomous Peak Load Controller
nPlug: An Autonomous Peak Load Controller
复制标题
nPlug：自主峰值负载控制器
DOI：
10.1109/jsac.2013.130705
复制
发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
S. Kalyanaraman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Ganu;D. Seetharam;V. Arya;J. Hazra;Deeksha Sinha;R. Kunnath;L. D. Silva;S. A. Husain;S. Kalyanaraman
印度电力部门尽管拥有世界第五大装机容量，但仍面临12.9%的峰值短缺。如果大量的可延迟负荷，特别是高功率负荷，可以从高峰时间转移到非高峰时间，这种短缺可以得到缓解。然而，传统的需求侧管理（DSM）策略可能不适合印度，因为当地条件通常有利于廉价的解决方案，对现有基础设施的依赖性最小。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个完全自主的DSM控制器称为nPlug。nPlug位于墙壁插座和可延迟负载（例如热水器、洗衣机和电动汽车）之间。nPlugs将联合收割机本地传感和分析相结合，以推断高峰期以及供需不平衡状况。他们以分散的方式安排附加设备，以尽可能缓解高峰，而不违反消费者的要求。nPlugs不需要终端消费者的任何手动干预，也不需要任何通信基础设施，也不需要对电器或电网进行任何增强。nPlug的一些功能是通过对从插头级能量监测器收集的合成数据和真实的数据进行实验来证明的。我们的研究结果表明，nPlug可以是一种有效和廉价的技术，以解决峰值短缺。这项技术有可能被集成到数百万个未来的可延迟负载中：家用电器、电动汽车（EV）充电器、热泵、热水器等。
The Indian electricity sector, despite having the world's fifth largest installed capacity, suffers from a 12.9% peaking shortage. This shortage could be alleviated, if a large number of deferrable loads, particularly the high powered ones, could be moved from on-peak to off-peak times. However, conventional Demand Side Management (DSM) strategies may not be suitable for India as the local conditions usually favor inexpensive solutions with minimal dependence on the pre-existing infrastructure. In this work, we present a completely autonomous DSM controller called the nPlug. nPlug is positioned between the wall socket and deferrable load(s) such as water heaters, washing machines, and electric vehicles. nPlugs combine local sensing and analytics to infer peak periods as well as supply-demand imbalance conditions. They schedule attached appliances in a decentralized manner to alleviate peaks whenever possible without violating the requirements of consumers. nPlugs do not require any manual intervention by the end consumer nor any communication infrastructure nor any enhancements to the appliances or the power grids. Some of nPlug's capabilities are demonstrated using experiments on a combination of synthetic and real data collected from plug-level energy monitors. Our results indicate that nPlug can be an effective and inexpensive technology to address the peaking shortage. This technology could potentially be integrated into millions of future deferrable loads: appliances, electric vehicle (EV) chargers, heat pumps, water heaters, etc.