SUSCEPTIBILITY AND RESISTANCE OF CHICKEN MACROPHAGES TO AVIAN RNA TUMOR-VIRUSES
SUSCEPTIBILITY AND RESISTANCE OF CHICKEN MACROPHAGES TO AVIAN RNA TUMOR-VIRUSES
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DOI：
10.1016/0042-6822(75)90455-9
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发表时间：
1975-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
VOGT, PK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GAZZOLO, L;MOSCOVICI, MG;VOGT, PK
来自鸡的几个遗传系的巨噬细胞对 B 和 C 亚型的禽白血病和肉瘤病毒敏感，但对 A、D、E、F 和 G 亚型的病毒具有抵抗力，即使来自相同胚胎的成纤维细胞也易感。这一观察结果表明巨噬细胞特异性抗性是表观遗传的。如果鸡胚的成纤维细胞对 B 或 C 亚型具有遗传抗性，那么巨噬细胞中也会保持这种抗性。尽管鸡巨噬细胞在培养物中表现出活跃的吞噬作用，但它们不能引发有缺陷的劳斯肉瘤病毒布莱恩高滴度株R(−)的感染，该病毒缺乏进入鸡细胞所需的糖蛋白。 B 和 C 亚型病毒在源自因子阳性胚胎的巨噬细胞中复制时，也会激活内源性鸡辅助因子。然而，与成纤维细胞相比，巨噬细胞合成的外源和内源病毒的水平降低。对病毒假型和病毒包膜标记重组体的研究表明，巨噬细胞中的禽肿瘤病毒宿主范围是由病毒颗粒的包膜成分控制的。因此，巨噬细胞对 A 和 D-G 亚型的特异性抗性很可能反映了由于缺乏适当的细胞受体，病毒无法渗透到细胞中。在重组体实验中，发现了几个病毒克隆，它们显示了两种亲代病毒的宿主范围特征。这些中间宿主范围重组体的分子基础尚未确定。
Macrophages from several genetic lines of chickens are susceptible to avian leukosis and sarcoma viruses of subgroups B and C but are resistant to viruses of subgroups A, D, E, F and G, even when fibroblasts derived from the same embryos are susceptible. This observation suggests that the macrophage-specific resistance is epigenetic. If the fibroblasts of a chicken embryo are genetically resistant to subgroup B or C, this resistance is also maintained in macrophages. Although chicken macrophages show active phagocytosis in cultures, they cannot initiate infection by the defective Bryan high-titer strain of Rous sarcoma virus, R(−), which lacks glycoproteins needed to enter chicken cells. Subgroup B and C viruses also activate the endogenous chicken helper factor when they replicate in macrophages derived from factor-positive embryos. However, compared to fibroblasts, the levels of exogenous as well as endogenous virus synthesized by macrophages are reduced.Studies with viral pseudotypes and with recombinants of viral envelope markers suggest that the avian tumor viral host range in macrophages is controlled by an envelope component of the virion. Macrophage-specific resistance to subgroups A and D–G is thus likely to reflect failure of the virus to penetrate into the cell because of the absence of an appropriate cellular receptor.In the experiments with recombinants several viral clones were found which showed host range characteristics of both parental viruses. The molecular basis for these intermediate host range recombinants has not yet been determined.