Mode of debitage and technical cognition of hominids at the Guanyindong site
Mode of debitage and technical cognition of hominids at the Guanyindong site
复制标题
观音洞遗址原始人类的记述方式与技术认知
DOI：
10.1007/s11434-009-0612-6
复制
发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Boeda, Eric
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li YingHua;Hou YaMei;Boeda, Eric
探索和解释史前狩猎采集者的认知模式和行为模式一直是当前旧石器时代研究的主要目标之一。20世纪40年代，法国史前史学家提出了研究石器组合的技术方法，为史前研究领域开辟了一个崭新的视角。20世纪60年代，法国民族志学家、人类学家安德烈·勒鲁瓦-古尔汉提出了“工作室”的概念，建立了石器技术研究理论。20世纪80年代以后，“操作链”的概念被两个不同但互补的概念所取代：技术认知和技术经济，这不仅有助于揭示石器生产过程中应用的技术知识和诀窍，而且有助于从社会和经济角度解释史前狩猎采集者的技术行为。本文介绍的观音洞遗址的石器工艺研究，是首次将法国史前史学家发展的石器工艺方法应用于中国的资料中进行的。我们的分析结果表明，观音洞的抵税制度与欧洲、近东和非洲广泛使用的勒瓦卢瓦概念截然不同。这两种不同的分赃模式有助于探讨和解释旧石器时代中期中国与欧洲、近东和非洲的关系。
Exploring and interpreting the mode of cognition and behavioral patterns of prehistoric hunter-gatherers is always one of the main goals of current Paleolithic research. In the 1940s, French prehistorians proposed the technological method for studying lithic assemblages which opened a brand-new perspective on the prehistoric domain. In the 1960s, French ethnographer and anthropologist André Leroi-Gourhan proposed the concept “chaîne opératoire” and established the theory of lithic technological study. After the 1980s, the concept “chaîne opératoire” was substituted for two different but complementary concepts: techno-cognition and techno-economy, which contributed not only to revealing the technical knowledge and know-how applied during lithic production but also to interpreting the technical behavior of prehistoric hunter-gatherers from social and economic viewpoints. The lithic technological study of the Guanyindong site, presented in this paper, was carried out for the first time by applying lithic technological method developed by French prehistorians to the Chinese materials. Our analytical results demonstrated that the débitage system of Guanyindong is quite distinct from the concept Levallois largely used in Europe, Near-East and Africa. The differentiation between these two débitage modes may contribute to exploring and interpreting the relationship in Middle Paleolithic between China and Europe, Near-East and Africa.