Parental occupational exposures and risk of childhood cancer
Parental occupational exposures and risk of childhood cancer
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DOI：
10.2307/3434208
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发表时间：
1998-06-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Blair, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colt, JS;Blair, A
父母的职业暴露可能与其子女的癌症有关。关于这一主题的48项已发表的研究报告了超过1000种特定职业/癌症组合的相对风险。几乎所有的研究都采用了病例对照设计。父亲的职业和暴露的调查比母亲的频繁得多。有关父母职业的信息是通过面谈或出生证明和其他行政记录获得的。具体的暴露量通常由工业卫生学家估计或自我报告。这些研究存在与暴露评估质量、暴露病例数量少、多重比较和可能偏向于报告阳性结果相关的几个局限性。尽管存在这些局限性，但它们提供的证据表明，某些父母接触可能对儿童有害，值得进一步研究。最有力的证据是儿童白血病和父亲暴露于溶剂，油漆和机动车相关职业的就业;和儿童神经系统癌症和父亲暴露于油漆。为了在今后的研究中更清楚地评价这些和其他暴露的重要性，我们需要在四个方面加以改进：a）必须更加仔细地注意母体暴露; B）研究应采用更复杂的暴露评估技术; c）必须仔细注意假定的暴露机制、时间和途径;如果对产后接触进行评估，研究应提供证据，证明接触实际上是从工作场所转移到儿童的环境中的。
Occupational exposures of parents might be related to cancer in their offspring. Forty-eight published studies on this topic have reported relative risks for over 1000 specific occupation/cancer combinations. Virtually ail of the studies employed the case-control design. Occupations and exposures of fathers were investigated much more frequently than those of the mother. Information about parental occupations was derived through interviews or from birth certificates and other administrative records. Specific exposures were typically estimated by industrial hygienists or were self-reported. The studies have several limitations related to the quality of the exposure assessment, small numbers of exposed cases, multiple comparisons, and possible bias toward the reporting of positive results. Despite these limitations, they provide evidence that certain parental exposures may be harmful to children and deserve further study. The strongest evidence is for childhood leukemia and paternal exposure to solvents, paints, and employment in motor vehicle-related occupations; and childhood nervous system cancers and paternal exposure to paints. To more clearly evaluate the importance of these and other exposures in future investigations, we need improvements in four areas: a) more careful attention must be paid to maternal exposures; b) studies should employ more sophisticated exposure assessment techniques; c) careful attention must be paid to the postulated mechanism, timing, and route of exposure; and d) if postnatal exposures are evaluated, studies should provide evidence that the exposure is actually transferred from the workplace to the child's environment.