Two-wavelength-difference measurement of gravitationally induced quantum interference phases
Two-wavelength-difference measurement of gravitationally induced quantum interference phases
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引力引起的量子干涉相位的双波长差测量
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.56.1767
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
S. Werner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Littrell;B. Allman;S. Werner
中子干涉测量领域的一个重要成就是实验观测到了由于地球引力场的作用而引起的中子德布罗意布罗意的相移。过去的实验已经清楚地证明了这种效应，并验证了引力和惯性质量的量子力学等效性，精度约为1%。在这个实验中，在两个不同的干涉仪中测量了中子的引力引起的相移，其统计不确定度为千分之一。近谐波对的中子波长被用来测量和补偿由于干涉仪的失真，因为它是倾斜的入射光束方向的影响。理论预测和实验测量值之间的差异，由于重力的相移观察到在1%的水平。扩展的理论描述的中子干涉图的形状作为一个函数的倾斜在引力场进行了讨论和比较实验。
One of the significant successes in the field of neutron interferometry has been the experimental observation of the phase shift of a neutron de Broglie wave due to the action of the Earth’s gravitational field. Past experiments have clearly demonstrated the effect and verified the quantum-mechanical equivalence of gravitational and inertial masses to a precision of about 1%. In this experiment the gravitationally induced phase shift of the neutron is measured with a statistical uncertainty of order 1 part in 1000 in two different interferometers. Nearly harmonic pairs of neutron wavelengths are used to measure and compensate for effects due to the distortion of the interferometer as it is tilted about the incident beam direction. A discrepancy between the theoretically predicted and experimentally measured values of the phase shift due to gravity is observed at the 1% level. Extensions to the theoretical description of the shape of a neutron interferogram as a function of tilt in a gravitational field are discussed and compared with experiment.