HARVEST AND STORAGE OF TWO PERENNIAL GRASSES AS BIOMASS FEEDSTOCKS
HARVEST AND STORAGE OF TWO PERENNIAL GRASSES AS BIOMASS FEEDSTOCKS
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作为生物质原料的两种多年生草的收获和储存
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Casler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Shinners;G. Boettcher;R. Muck;P. Weimer;M. Casler
一些多年生禾本科植物，如芦苇草（RCG）和柳枝稷（SWG），具有高产和低投入，使它们成为有吸引力的生物质原料。当作为生物质收获时，这些草更成熟，并且比作为动物饲料收获时具有更大的产量。关于收获设备的性能和储存特性如何受到这些作物条件的影响，还有很多未知数。本研究的目的是确定作物产量和干燥速率，打包率，草捆密度，和草捆储存特性，这些收获的生物质原料。在建立年份之后，使用8月份发生的单次切割系统，RCG的三年平均产量比SWG（7.70对9.69 Mg DM ha-1）低21%。当作物在冬季站立并在春季收获时，SWG和RCG的DM产量分别减少了17%和26%。当作物产量相似时，柳枝稷往往比芦苇草干得更快。这些草的干燥速率比苜蓿等饲料作物通常经历的要快。草捆密度平均为163 kg DM m-3，不同作物或不同包裹类型（草捆或网）之间没有显著差异。用塑料薄膜、透气膜、网衣、塑料布和剑麻布包裹的干草捆在室外贮存9 ~ 11个月，平均干物质损失分别为3.8%、4.8%、7.5%、8.7%和14.9%。在覆盖下储存的捆平均DM损失为3.0%。的化学和物理性质的包存储在室外的空间变化。在平均水分为39.9%（w.b.）时，通过管中青贮保存产生的平均DM损失为1.1%。
Some perennial grasses, such as reed canarygrass (RCG) and switchgrass (SWG), have prolific yield and low inputs, making them attractive as biomass feedstocks. When harvested as biomass, these grasses are more mature and have much greater yield than when harvested as animal forage. Much is unknown about how harvest equipment performance and storage characteristics are affected by these crop conditions. The objective of this research was to determine the crop yield and drying rate, baling rate, bale density, and bale storage characteristics of these grasses harvested as biomass feedstocks. After the establishment year, the three-year average yield of RCG was 21% less than SWG (7.70 vs. 9.69 Mg DM ha -1 ) using a single-cutting system that occurred in August. When the crops were left standing over winter and harvested in the spring, DM yields were reduced by 17% and 26% for SWG and RCG, respectively. When crop yield was similar, switchgrass tended to dry faster than reed canarygrass. Drying rates of these grasses were faster than typically experienced with forage crops like alfalfa. Bale density averaged 163 kg DM m -3 with no significant differences between crops or type of wrap (twine or net). Dry bales stored outdoors for 9 to 11 months averaged 3.8%, 4.8%, 7.5%, 8.7%, and 14.9% DM loss for bales wrapped with plastic film, breathable film, net wrap, plastic twine, and sisal twine, respectively. Bales stored under cover averaged 3.0% DM loss. The chemical and physical properties of bales stored outdoors were spatially variable. Preservation by ensiling in a tube produced average DM losses of 1.1% at average moisture of 39.9% (w.b.).