Comparison of Methods for Evaluating Stability and Maturity of Biosolids Compost
Comparison of Methods for Evaluating Stability and Maturity of Biosolids Compost
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DOI：
10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900020008x
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发表时间：
2000-03
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
L. Wu;L. Ma;G. Martínez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Wu;L. Ma;G. Martínez
由于未成熟的堆肥会对植物生长和土壤环境造成不利影响，因此堆肥的稳定性/成熟度已成为堆肥土地应用的关键问题。我们比较了几种评价生物固体堆肥稳定性/成熟度的方法：化学性质、微生物呼吸活性（CO₂进化）、种子萌发试验和溶解有机碳（DOC）（由420 nm处的浓度和质量比吸收（MSA）决定）。在佛罗里达州的三个全尺寸堆肥设施中，在堆肥固化阶段收集了两到五个生物固体堆肥样品。来自两个设施的堆肥样品处于稳定/成熟过程中。随着固化时间的延长，样品的电导率（EC）、DOC浓度和CO₂析出率均降低，而pH、种子发芽率和DOC的MSA均升高。来自第三个设施的堆肥样品表现出明显不同的行为。相对较高的种子毒性，与其他参数没有一致的趋势，表明这些样品可能没有经历真正的固化过程，尽管它们的CO₂演化速率和DOC含量普遍较低。基于这些结果，我们认为pH、EC、CO₂进化率、种子发芽率和DOC（浓度和MSA）可以用来监测稳定和成熟过程。堆肥稳定性和成熟度是不同的特性，两者都是堆肥质量控制所需要的。溶解有机碳分析是一种简单而全面的堆肥稳定性/成熟度指标。经批准以佛罗里达农业实验站期刊第1期出版。r - 07121。
Compost stability/maturity has become a critical issue for land application of compost because immature compost can be detrimental to plant growth and the soil environment. We compared several methods of evaluating the stability/maturity of biosolids compost: chemical properties, microbial respiration activity (CO₂ evolution), seed germination tests, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as determined by its concentration and mass-specific absorbence (MSA) at 420 nm. Two to five biosolids compost samples were collected during compost curing stages from three full-scale composting facilities in Florida. The compost samples from two facilities were in the stabilization/maturation process. With curing time, electrical conductivity (EC), DOC concentration, and CO₂ evolution rate decreased, whereas pH, seed germination rate, and the MSA of DOC increased in these samples. Compost samples from the third facility exhibited distinctly different behavior. Relatively high seed phytotoxicity, with no consistent trends of other parameters, suggested that these samples may have not been in a real curing process, despite the generally low CO₂ evolution rate and DOC content. Based on these results, we concluded that pH, EC, CO₂ evolution rate, seed germination rate, and DOC (concentration and MSA) could be used to monitor stabilization and maturation processes. Compost stability and maturity are different characteristics and both are needed for compost quality control. Dissolved organic carbon analysis is promising as a simple but comprehensive index for compost stability/maturity. Approved for publication as Florida Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Series No. R-07121.