Molecular ruler mechanism and interfacial catalysis of the integral membrane acyltransferase PatA.

Molecular ruler mechanism and interfacial catalysis of the integral membrane acyltransferase PatA.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abj4565
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发表时间:
2021-10-15
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Guerin ME
Guerin ME
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Anso I;Basso LGM;Wang L;Marina A;Páez-Pérez ED;Jäger C;Gavotto F;Tersa M;Perrone S;Contreras FX;Prandi J;Gilleron M;Linster CL;Corzana F;Lowary TL;Trastoy B;Guerin ME

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整合膜酰基转移酶PATA利用分子标尺机制识别和转移酰基链长。糖脂是细菌细胞膜的重要组成部分,不仅在维持细胞结构完整性方面起着关键作用,而且在调节宿主与病原体的相互作用方面也起着关键作用。PATA是一种必需的酰基转移酶,参与磷脂酰肌醇甘露糖苷(PIMs)的生物合成,PIMs是结核分枝杆菌的关键结构元件和毒力因子。通过电子自旋共振光谱和表面等离子体共振,我们证明了PATA是一个完整的膜酰基转移酶,紧密地固定在阴离子脂双层上,使用双螺旋结构基序和静电相互作用。PATA通过使用酰基链选择性“尺子”来指示糖脂的酰基链组成。我们通过结合结构生物学、酶活性和化学合成的不可水解性酰基辅酶A(CoA)衍生物的结合测量来确定这一点。我们提出了一种界面催化机制,允许PATA通过使用水溶性的酰基辅酶A供体来酰化锚定在分枝杆菌内膜上的疏水性PIM。
The integral membrane acyltransferase PatA uses a molecular ruler mechanism for acyl chain length recognition and transfer. Glycolipids are prominent components of bacterial membranes that play critical roles not only in maintaining the structural integrity of the cell but also in modulating host-pathogen interactions. PatA is an essential acyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannosides (PIMs), key structural elements and virulence factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We demonstrate by electron spin resonance spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance that PatA is an integral membrane acyltransferase tightly anchored to anionic lipid bilayers, using a two-helix structural motif and electrostatic interactions. PatA dictates the acyl chain composition of the glycolipid by using an acyl chain selectivity “ruler.” We established this by a combination of structural biology, enzymatic activity, and binding measurements on chemically synthesized nonhydrolyzable acyl–coenzyme A (CoA) derivatives. We propose an interfacial catalytic mechanism that allows PatA to acylate hydrophobic PIMs anchored in the inner membrane of mycobacteria, through the use of water-soluble acyl-CoA donors.
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