Scintillation: mechanisms and new crystals
Scintillation: mechanisms and new crystals
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2004.03.009
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发表时间：
2004-07
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
M. Weber
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Weber
本文简要地综述了用于医学成像的无机光催化剂的物理机制。这些包括在高能辐射的初始吸收之后的电子激发的弛豫、电子和空穴的热化、激子的形成、缺陷上的电荷载流子捕获和自捕获、激发向发光中心的转移以及可检测光的发射。材料包括本征和激活的绝缘晶体和半导体，涉及几种不同的发光中心和辐射过程。闪烁体的性能和非辐射过程所产生的原生缺陷和杂质，可以限制闪烁光输出的基本限制进行了讨论。还介绍了几种最近报道的结晶的性质。
The physical mechanisms active in inorganic scintillators used for medical imaging are reviewed briefly. These include relaxation of electronic excitation following initial absorption of high-energy radiation, thermalization of electrons and holes, formation of excitons, charge carrier trapping on defects and self-trapping, transfer of excitation to luminescence centers, and emission of detectable light. Materials include intrinsic and activated insulating crystals and semiconductors involving several different luminescent centers and radiative processes. Fundamental limitations of scintillator performance and nonradiative processes arising from native defects and impurities that can limit scintillation light output are discussed. The properties of several recently reported scintillating crystals are also presented.